Chapter 13 : Renaissance

Question 1

New Monarchs

Answer 1

Rulers/leaders who created unification for their nation or stable form of government

Question 2

Renaissance

Answer 2

Period of cultural rebirth focusing on the revival of classical learning/humanism

Question 3

Lorenzo Valla

Answer 3

Italian humanist, philosopher, literary critic known for attacks on medieval Donation of Constantine

Question 4

Individualism

Answer 4

Served as a basis for rational thought and focused around outlook of moral

Question 5

Codottiere

Answer 5

Contracted mercenaries

Question 6

Rationalism

Answer 6

Basis for scientific thought and intellectual context outside of religion

Question 7

Secularism

Answer 7

Thought that is brought up and not based on religious context

Question 8

Virtu

Answer 8

Capabilities of community and its leader and ideal traits necessary for state

Question 9

Council of Trent

Answer 9

Council of Roman Catholic Church prompted by the Protestant Reformation and described as the embodiment for the Counter Reformation

Question 10

Brethren of Common Life

Answer 10

Roman Catholic pietist religious community that focused on meditation and criticism of

Question 11

Charles V

Answer 11

Roman emperor and King of Spain (King of Habsburg)

Conducted the Peace of Augsburg

Question 12

John Calvin

Answer 12

Theologian and journalist who impacted fundamental religion and established Calvinism

Question 13

Martin Luther

Answer 13

Theologian known for the introduction of the Protestant Reformation

Question 14

Usury

Answer 14

Act of lending money with high rates of interest

Question 15

Peace of Augsburg

Answer 15

Treaty between Charles V and Schmalkaldic League ending the religious struggle between the two groups

Made the legal division of Christendom permanent within the Holy Roman Empire

Question 16

Baroque

Answer 16

period of artistic style that exaggerated drama, art, tension, architecture, and music originating in Rome, Italy

Question 17

John Knox

Answer 17

Scottish clergyman, theologian, and leader of the Protestant Reformation

Question 18

Inquisition

Answer 18

Judicial system of Roman Church focused on combatting heresy

Question 19

Indulgence

Answer 19

Full or partial remission of punishment of sin based on fee

Question 20

Simony

Answer 20

Selling of church offices and roles

Question 21

Pluralism

Answer 21

Signified diversity of religious views

Question 22

Theocracy

Answer 22

Enforced deity as ruler

Question 23

Nepotism

Answer 23

Favoritism regarding close relatives

Question 24

Jesuits Secularism

Answer 24

Interpretation of secularization being egregious but necessary

Question 25

Index

Answer 25

Alphabetical arrangement of material

Question 26

Benvenuto Cellini

Answer 26

Florentine sculptor, goldsmith and writer who implemented mannerism

Question 27

Sir Thomas Moore

Answer 27

Philosopher, journalist and lawyer known for influencing the utopian genre

Question 28

Humanism

Answer 28

Movement that revived Ancient Greek/Roman thoughts and turned ........

Question 29

Signori/oligarchies

Answer 29

Despots or one man rulers/the rule of merchant aristocracies

Question 30

Caesare Borgia

Answer 30

He united the peninsula by conquering obedience from the principalities making up the Papal States

Question 31

Which five powers dominated the Italian peninsula?

Answer 31

Venice, Milan, Florence, the Papal States, and the kingdom on naples

Question 32

Lorenzo de Medici

Answer 32

Italian statesman of the Florentine Republic and a powerful patron of the Renaissance

Question 33

Balance of power

Answer 33

When one Italian state appeared to gain a predominant position within the Italian peninsula, other states combined to established a balance against the major threat

Question 34

Dominican friar Girolamo Savonarola

Answer 34

1450/1498 Religious leader of Florence and contributed to the fall of the Medici dynasty and paganism His moral denunciations led to his excommunication and execution

Question 35

Charles' VIII

Answer 35

French king who invaded Italy in 1494

Question 36

Habsburg/Valois wars

Answer 36

A series of conflicts that involved Papal States, major states of Western Europe as well as the Ottoman Empire

Question 37

Castiglione

Answer 37

Italian diplomat who wrote The Book of The Courtier regarding etiquette and morality

Question 38

Machiavelli

Answer 38

Italian Renaissance philosopher and humanist who was an official of the Florentine Republic and a founder of modern political science

Question 39

Who invented the movable type?

Answer 39

Johann Gutenberg, Johann fust, Peter schoffer

Question 40

Movable type/printing effects

Answer 40

Propaganda spread faster Stimulated people's literacy and education Treaties, battle account, and declarations of war were published

Question 41

Women's roles

Answer 41

Status declined They earned half wages then men Main job was reproduction Must maintain husband and household duties

Question 42

Desiderius Erasmus

Answer 42

Dutch Renaissance humanist and classical scholar He criticized the church using satire

Question 43

Louis XI of France

Answer 43

Monarch of the house of Valois who ruled as king of France 1461 - 1483

Question 44

Henry VII of England

Answer 44

King of the United Kingdom

Question 45

Charles VII

Answer 45

Reconciliated Burgundians and armagnacs Reorganized Royal council,increasing middle class influence Strengthened royal finances through taxes

Question 46

Pragmatic sanction of bourges

Answer 46

Accerted general counsel superiority over papacy French crown authority over church

Question 47

Louis XI

Answer 47

Monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France in the 1640s

Question 48

Royal council

Answer 48

Inner circle of nobility that advised Henry VII