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Chapter 13- Positive Psychotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Confucious

A

We can be disciplined in seeking our education
We should be looking to develop harmonious relationships
Virtue should be necessary for happiness

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2
Q

Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

A

Identifying and nurturing talent
Making lives more productive and filling

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3
Q

Psychology’s Mission changed after WWII

A

Soldiers returning home with now-known PTSD
Something wrong → how do we fix it
DEFICIT-ORIENTED APPROACH

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4
Q

Traditional psychotherapy is…

A

Deficit-oriented

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5
Q

We were publicizing about negative emotions ___ the amount we were publicizing about positive emotions

A

14 times

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6
Q

1998- Seligman main idea

A

‘life worth living’

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7
Q

Idea of 51

A

In the year 2051, 51% of the population will be fourishing

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8
Q

Nature vs. Nurture

A

Personality is independent of childhood experiences
Traits are not necessarily stable or permanent
Both have a role to play, but there is an emphasis on our ability to change for the egood

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9
Q

Formula For Happiness

A

Personal Set range + circumstances + factors under volitional control = happiness

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10
Q

Personal Set Range

A

40/50%
Range in which we would fluctuate based on what we have inherited
Some people are predisposed to be happier people, but that’s not all happiness is

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11
Q

Circumstances

A

10/15%
What is happening around us

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12
Q

Factors under volitional control

A

What can we do to cultivate happiness or not
cultivation of wellness above and beyond simply alleviating distress
Taking distress away does NOT equal more happiness

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13
Q

Strengths

A

Come out in certain contexts
Characteristics/qualities that often take on a moral tone that are valuable
We all bring them, and we should value having those strengths

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14
Q

Wisdom

A

Being smart in some situations

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15
Q

Courage

A

Face a goal in the face of opposition

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16
Q

Humanity

A

Tend to others

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17
Q

Justice

A

Desire to live a healthy and just community life

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18
Q

Temperance

A

Protects ahgainst temperances and vices
don’t overindulge

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19
Q

Transcendence

A

Making meaning/connecting with the larger universe

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20
Q

Distress in relation to strengths

A

The absence of some strengths while in excess of others

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21
Q

Positive emotions and strengths are real and valuable

A

Uncommon to ask someone to rate on a scale of 0-10 how fulfilled they are or how happy they feel

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22
Q

Effective therapy relationships can be built on exploration of positive personal characteristics

A

Should be using these explorations of strengths as a way to build an effective therapeutic relationship
Look at it not from what’s wrong with the person, but where do their strengths lie, and how to build that positive relationship - don’t just focus on symptom reduction

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23
Q

Perma Model

A

Theoretical Model for happiness
We can measure and promote each idea in therapy
Positive Emotion
Engagement
Relationships
Meaning
Accomplishments

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24
Q

Positive Emotion

A

In the past, present, and future
Optimal ratio of positive : negative emotions (3:1)
Example- Bridge with pillars
It is possible to experience positive emotions in negative situations, and the resilience in positive emotions is something that can be experiences alongside the pain
Range of positive emotions we can feel and cultivate

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25
Engagement
Idea of Flow Use signature strengths to encourage people to do activities towards flow Goes beyond sensory pleasure Looking to find a way people can genuinely engage with something right in front of them, and if we do it in a way that brings in an optimal level of challenge, we can build an accomplishment and have positive emotions from the past and will help us flourish
26
Flow
Csikszentmihalyi Idea that we can get into an intense concentration You become so absorbed in the task that there is a sense that you are one with it-
27
don’t realize how hungry you are or that you’ve had to pee for an hour. What are these an example of?
Flow
28
We need a little challenge in life; we need to find things that will help us not fall into boredom to avoid habituation; thinking critically, solving problems, etc. What is this an example of
Engagement
29
Multitasking
Humans are bad at it When we split our attention, we lose something from each of the things we are splitting against
30
Good book, Painting, Puzzle, Baking, Sports. What are these examples of?
Engagement
31
Relationships
Facilitate happiness Other components become more effective When we experience something positive and share it with others, it capitalizes on the positive and it will increase
32
Being a member of a team would fall into which PERMA category?
Relationships
33
Meaning
Bigger than oneself Where we can use our strengths - gives us a reason to go for our goals, set goals, and achieve them Provide motivation, persistence, and resilience Without meaning, we will be missing pieces that drive us towards our goals and we would need to build it up
34
Accomplishment
Flow Motivation Building a sense of accomplishment will encourage flow and pursue activities that are meaningful The cherry on top that makes us feel good about ourselves and helps us continue being motivated
35
PERMA can be pursued simultaneously and interrelatedly
provides different pillars with things therapy should be cultivating Each piece of the PERMA model isn’t independent Can’t do one without the rest If we do all these things, we can live a full life (goal of positive psychotherapy)
36
Engagement and meaning most correlated with life satisfaction
Need engagement and meaning They involve some sort of challenge Habituating (doesn’t feel good to watch tv on the sixth day of break but good on the first day) Having people think about what matters to them
37
Non-specific factor
Harder to measure Something that will happen over and over again in a nonspecific way
38
What kind of environment is the therapist trying to create
Warm, inviting, authentic, collaboratuve and egalitarian
39
Personality in Positive psychology
Absence of some strengths or an overuse of others to be honed and used in the right amount (gold standard)
40
Therapist wants to understand…
Clients values The client's strengths
41
Identify signature strengths
Tonic and phasic strengths
42
Tonic Strengths
One's peoplen use consistently in all situations
43
Phasic
Strengths people only use in some situations
44
Obstain narratives about their use
Use a survey to quantify the different strengths and incorporate them into the treatment plan
45
Gratitude
Example- gratitude journaling Encourages a focus on the positive Helps the buffering the negatives with the positives Ensuring to look at the positive Begin to learn other skills that will be important Gratitude and positivity will come more easily to them and allow them to be more in the moment with the positive
46
What PERMA section is 'gratitude' an example of?
Engagement
47
Savoring
Taking time at the end of the day to write down and savor the positive things can have an additional benefit
48
What PERMA section is 'savoring' an example of?
Meaning
49
Manage negative emotions
When people have undergone negative things, the exercise can have a little space from the negative so we are not so fused with it Negative emotions will happen - just about managing them and having buffers
50
What is "lose sight of the forest with the trees" an example of?
Managing negative emotions Unable to see the big picture of the forest when all you see is a tree right in front of you Tree is the bad thing that just happened Don’t lose sight of the bigger picture of the forest Buffering comes in where we understand the tree isn’t good, but remember the whole landscape of the forest
51
14 Session Model
Positive Psychotherapy Model
52
Sessoin 1-3
orientation to PPT; client writes “positive introduction” of self; assess signature strengths; develop action plan to incorporate strengths (tonic and phasic) and fix the imbalances Want people focused on the exercise with a pen and paper and write it out could facilitate engagement and focus People think about themselves from a strength-based perspective Specific actions that they bring to the model - every patient will do something for the positive emotion
53
Session 4-6
reappraisal of bitter memories; forgiveness; gratitude letter Look at things from a different perspective When we carry things with us, we are savoring the negative → work to reappraise/think differently about the negative memories Places where people need to offer forgiveness and what it means for them - what are they letting go of How can we make a conscious choice to look at the positive
54
Session 7
Feedback/check in Therapist doesn’t come in with an agenda other than to open the floor to feedback
55
Session 8/9
Cultivate positive emotions and growth from trauma
56
Session 10/11
Communication skills and strengths of others Using assertiveness Asking people to develop a strength-based approach and instead of seeing the deficit, we see the strengths
57
Session 12
Savoring
58
Session 13
Altruism/helping others
59
Session 14
Integrate treatment gains - full life
60
End of treatment is planned from the beginning or more go with the flow?
Planned from the beginning
61
Mechanisms of Psychotherapy
Broaden and build resources for coping Reappraise negative memories "reeducation of attention" (negative --> positive)
62
RCTs support effectiveness for...
Reduced depression Increased well being Adolescent substance use/behavioral challenges/social skills/well-being Cardiovascular disease
63
Benefits of group PPT
More opportunities to reinforce treatment gains
64
Cultural Considerations
Different definitions of happiness in different cultural contexts
65
To consider for cultural considerations, the therapist must...
1. Understand manifestations of strengths 2. Discuss culture 3. Understand the meaning of strengths and how they differ across cultures

Psychotherapy (5 decks)

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