Chapter 13: Personality

Question 1

3 Levels of Consciousness

Answer 1

conscious mind-contains throughs and feelings we are aware at any given moment

preconscious- mental content that can easily be brought to conscious

unconscious- most of content we are unaware of

Question 2

id, ego, super ego

Answer 2

id- basic instinctual desires (sleep, sex, hunger)

ego- rational thought

superego- moral limits. determine which impulses are acceptable to express openly and which are unacceptable.

Question 3

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages

Question 4

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 4

unconscious tactics employed by the ego to protect the individual from anxiety

repression- process of keeping unpleasant memories buried deep within unconscious mind

denial- refusing to recognize an existing situation

others: rationalization, reaction formation, projection, displacement, sublimation, regression, identification, intellectualization

Question 5

Personality

Answer 5

unique characteristics that account for the enduring patterns of inner experience and outward behavior

Question 6

Alfred Adler

Answer 6

believe that social needs and conscious thoughts are more important to human behavior than sexual needs.

interested in how inferiority motivate behavior

Question 7

Carl Jung

Answer 7

personal unconscious

collective unconscious

Question 8

Humanistic Theories

Answer 8

Abraham Maslow

Carl Rogers

Question 9

Traits

Answer 9

tendencies to behave in certain way that remain relatively constant across situations

Question 10

5 factor model (Big 5)

Answer 10

Openness
Contentiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

Question 11

Raymond B Cattell

Answer 11

used factor analysis to find main “super traits”
16 PF model

Question 12

Hans Eysenck

Answer 12

used factor analysis to find superfactors- fundamental dimensions of personality made up of related cluster of personality traits

extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism