Chapter 13 Part 1 Flashcards
Identify gyrus
Folds on the outer surface of the brain
3- Differentiate between commissures, association fibers, projection fibers.
Commisures - extend between hemispheres
Projection - Link cerebral cortex to inferior brain regions and spinal cord
Association - Connect different regions of cerebral cortex within same hemisphere
4- Compare the distribution of gray matter and white matter in the cerebrum and spinal cord.
Cerebrum: white matter deep to gray matter, clusters of gray matter within white matter
Spinal cord: Grey matter in the spinal cord is located deep to the white matter.
5- What are the three meninges of the CNS?
From deep to superficial
pia mater
arachnoid mater
dura mater
6- Describe the locations of the three meninges in relation to the brain.
Pia mater: Innermost of cranial meninges
Arachnoid mater: Lies external to pia mater
Dura mater: Lies external to arachnoid mater
7- Name the layers of the dura mater and the space between them when it exists.
Meningeal layer
Periostial layer
Epidural space
Where is the subdural space
space between arachnoid and dura mater
1- What are the four major regions of the brain?
diencephalon
brainstem
cerebellum
cerebrum
Identify sulcus
Shallow depression on surface of brain
Identify longitudinal fissure
Deeper groove
Splits left and right hemispheres
Identify transverse fissure
Separates cerebellum from left and right hemispheres
Identify cerebral hemispheres
Left cerebral hemispheres
Right cerebral hemisphere
Identify cerebral cortex
•superficial region of gray matter, termed cerebral cortex
Surface of cerebrum
Identify tract
Bundles of axons
Identify arachnoid villi
Finger like extensions of the arachnoid mater
Function of Choroid plexus
Produces CSF in the ventricles
What is the function of the epidural space?
Becomes real space if blood or fluid accumulates
Subarachnoid space contains?
CSF
Where epidural space
potential space between dura mater and bones of the skull
What are cranial dural septa
Double layers of dura mater
Extend as flat partitions into the cranial cavity
2 function of cranial dural septa
Separate specific parts of the brain
Stabilize and support the brain
Name 4 ventricles of brain
Two lateral ventricles
Third ventricle
Fourth ventricle
Locate 4 ventricles
Two lateral = cerebrum
Third= diencephalon
Fourth= between pons and cerebellum
What are the third and fourth ventricles function
Third= communicate with each lateral ventricle
Fourth= communicates with third ventricle
What is CSF? Where is it?
Clear, colorless watery solution.
Circulates in ventricles and subarachnoid space
CSF 3 main function
Buoyancy
Protection
Environmental stability
Where is CSF first produced
Choroid plexus
What are 5 lobes of cerebrum
rontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, insula
Frontal lobe 3 main function
primarily concerned with:
–voluntary motor functions
–concentration and verbal communication
–decision making, planning, and personality
Parietal lobe function
primarily concerned with:
–general sensory functions
Temporal lobe function
nvolved with hearing and smell
Occipital lobe function
processing visual information
Insula 2 main function
involved in:
–memory
–interpretation of taste
What are the 3 functional areas of cerebrum
motor areas
sensory areas
association areas
Motor areas function
Control voluntary motor function
Sensory areas function
receives and processes sensory information
Association areas function
Process and interpret data or coordinate motor response
What motor area located in precentral gyrus
Primary motor cortex located in precentral gyrus of frontal lobe
What part of sensory area housed in postcentral gyrus
Primary somatosensory cortex
