Chap 15 Main Topics Flashcards
What are the other names of the ANS
A
What are the differences between ANS and somatic nervous system (SNS) in terms of:
Effector organs
Somatic= skeletal muscle fiber
Auto= cardiac muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, glands
What are the differences between ANS and somatic nervous system (SNS) in terms of:
of neurons in efferent pathways
Som= 1 neuron
Auto= two
What are the differences between ANS and somatic nervous system (SNS) in terms of:
Neurotransmitters
Soma= acetylcholine
Auto= ACh and norepinephrine
What are the differences between ANS and somatic nervous system (SNS) in terms of:
Type of control
Soma= voluntary control, reflexive control
Auto= involuntary control
What are the divisions of the motor component of ANS
Sympathetic division
Parasympathetic division
What are the three Es used to identify the sympathetic division when active
Emergency
Excitement
Exercise
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:
The CNS part in which the preganglionic neuron cell bodies are housed
Sym=brain stem nuclei and s2-s4 of spinal cord
Para=lateral horns of T1-L2 of spinal cord (thoracolumbar)
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:
The length of preganglionic axons
Sym= axons shorter
Para= axons longer
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:
Length of ganglionic axons
Sym= long axon
Para= short axon
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:
The extent of branches of the preganglionic axons
Sym= short branches
Para= no branches
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:
Location of ganglia
Sym= close in sympathetic trunk or prevertebral ganglia close to spinal cord
Para= close to or within wall of organ
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:
Their antagonistic effect on heart rate
Sym= increase HR
Para= slow HR
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:
Their antagonistic effect on gastrointestinal tract
Sym= decreases motility
Para= accelerates rate of contraction and motility
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:
Antagonistic effect on pupil of the eye
Sym= pupil dialates
Para= pupil constricted
Example of coop effect of both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of ANS
Male sexual function
Para for erecting penis
Sym for ejaculation
What is meant by mass activation
Many structures activated simultaneously
Why is mass activation important in response to stress
Increases HR, blood pressure, breathing rate, pupil dilation etc. Prepping body for quick response
Why is sympathetic activation long lasting?
Because of (NE) norepinephrine
Which is activated more slowly than ACh
Is it possible for sympathetic division to activate a single effector
Yes
Is the effect on the iris and example of sympathetic divisions ability to activate a single effector
Yes
Compare location of the terminal and intramural ganglia associated with the parasympathetic division of ANS
Terminal are close to effector
Intramural are within effector
Compare the location of the prevertebral and sympathetic trunk and ganglia associated with the sympathetic division of ANS
Sympathetic trunk ganglia are superior to prevertebral ganglia
Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:
Is concerned with conserving energy and replenishing nutrient stores
Parasympathetic
Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:
Referred to as fight or flight division
Sympathetic
Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:
Most active when body is at rest or digest a meal
Parasympathetic
Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:
Primarily concerned with preparing the body for emergencies
Sympathetic
Functions to maintain homeostasis when we are at rest
Parasympathetic
Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:
Is the craniosacral division
Sympathetic
Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:
Is the thoracolumbar division
Parasympathetic
What structures of body receive only sympathetic innervation
Sweat glands, arrector pili muscles in the skin
Neuro secretory cells of adrenal medulla
Blood vessels
What are the four CNS regions that control ANS functioning? Which plays most important role?
Cerebrum
Hypothalamus
Brain stem
Spinal cord
How do you explain having pain in the shoulder region of the body while the person has liver and gallbladder problem
Pain stimuli arising in the viscera are perceived as somatic in origin
Define the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Processes regulated unconsiously
