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Anatomy Test 4 > Chap 15 Main Topics > Flashcards

Chap 15 Main Topics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the other names of the ANS

A

A

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2
Q

What are the differences between ANS and somatic nervous system (SNS) in terms of:

Effector organs

A

Somatic= skeletal muscle fiber

Auto= cardiac muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, glands

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3
Q

What are the differences between ANS and somatic nervous system (SNS) in terms of:

of neurons in efferent pathways

A

Som= 1 neuron

Auto= two

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4
Q

What are the differences between ANS and somatic nervous system (SNS) in terms of:

Neurotransmitters

A

Soma= acetylcholine

Auto= ACh and norepinephrine

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5
Q

What are the differences between ANS and somatic nervous system (SNS) in terms of:

Type of control

A

Soma= voluntary control, reflexive control

Auto= involuntary control

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6
Q

What are the divisions of the motor component of ANS

A

Sympathetic division

Parasympathetic division

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7
Q

What are the three Es used to identify the sympathetic division when active

A

Emergency

Excitement

Exercise

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8
Q

Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:

The CNS part in which the preganglionic neuron cell bodies are housed

A

Sym=brain stem nuclei and s2-s4 of spinal cord

Para=lateral horns of T1-L2 of spinal cord (thoracolumbar)

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9
Q

Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:

The length of preganglionic axons

A

Sym= axons shorter

Para= axons longer

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10
Q

Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:

Length of ganglionic axons

A

Sym= long axon

Para= short axon

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11
Q

Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:

The extent of branches of the preganglionic axons

A

Sym= short branches

Para= no branches

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12
Q

Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:

Location of ganglia

A

Sym= close in sympathetic trunk or prevertebral ganglia close to spinal cord

Para= close to or within wall of organ

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13
Q

Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:

Their antagonistic effect on heart rate

A

Sym= increase HR

Para= slow HR

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14
Q

Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:

Their antagonistic effect on gastrointestinal tract

A

Sym= decreases motility

Para= accelerates rate of contraction and motility

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15
Q

Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in terms of:

Antagonistic effect on pupil of the eye

A

Sym= pupil dialates

Para= pupil constricted

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16
Q

Example of coop effect of both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of ANS

A

Male sexual function

Para for erecting penis

Sym for ejaculation

17
Q

What is meant by mass activation

A

Many structures activated simultaneously

18
Q

Why is mass activation important in response to stress

A

Increases HR, blood pressure, breathing rate, pupil dilation etc. Prepping body for quick response

19
Q

Why is sympathetic activation long lasting?

A

Because of (NE) norepinephrine

Which is activated more slowly than ACh

20
Q

Is it possible for sympathetic division to activate a single effector

A

Yes

21
Q

Is the effect on the iris and example of sympathetic divisions ability to activate a single effector

A

Yes

22
Q

Compare location of the terminal and intramural ganglia associated with the parasympathetic division of ANS

A

Terminal are close to effector

Intramural are within effector

23
Q

Compare the location of the prevertebral and sympathetic trunk and ganglia associated with the sympathetic division of ANS

A

Sympathetic trunk ganglia are superior to prevertebral ganglia

24
Q

Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:

Is concerned with conserving energy and replenishing nutrient stores

A

Parasympathetic

25
Q

Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:

Referred to as fight or flight division

A

Sympathetic

26
Q

Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:

Most active when body is at rest or digest a meal

A

Parasympathetic

27
Q

Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:

Primarily concerned with preparing the body for emergencies

A

Sympathetic

28
Q

Functions to maintain homeostasis when we are at rest

A

Parasympathetic

29
Q

Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:

Is the craniosacral division

A

Sympathetic

30
Q

Relate each of the following phrases to either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division of ANS:

Is the thoracolumbar division

A

Parasympathetic

31
Q

What structures of body receive only sympathetic innervation

A

Sweat glands, arrector pili muscles in the skin

Neuro secretory cells of adrenal medulla

Blood vessels

32
Q

What are the four CNS regions that control ANS functioning? Which plays most important role?

A

Cerebrum

Hypothalamus

Brain stem

Spinal cord

33
Q

How do you explain having pain in the shoulder region of the body while the person has liver and gallbladder problem

A

Pain stimuli arising in the viscera are perceived as somatic in origin

34
Q

Define the autonomic nervous system (ANS)

A

Processes regulated unconsiously

Anatomy Test 4 (7 decks)

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