Chap 16 - The Ear

Question 1

Where are the auditory ossicles located?

Answer 1

Middle ear or tympanic cavity

Question 2

What are the ossicles function?

Answer 2

Amplify and transmit soun waves into inner ear

Question 3

What is the function of stapedius

Answer 3

restrict ossicle movement when loud noises occur

Question 4

What’s smallest a muscle in body

Answer 4

The stapedius

Question 5

Define bony labyrinth

Answer 5

spaces within the temporal bone

Question 6

Define membranous labyrinth

Answer 6

membrane-lined tubes in bony labyrinth that contain endolymph

Question 7

What are structures of bony labyrinth

Answer 7

Membranous labyrinth

Cochlea

Vestibule

Semicircular canal

Question 8

What structures form membranous labyrinth

Answer 8

Semicircular canal

Endolymph

Question 9

Where is Perilymph located

Answer 9

in space between outer bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth

Question 10

Where is endolymph located

Answer 10

In membranous labyrinth

Question 11

What part of inner ear are hearing sensors located

Answer 11

Cochlea

Question 12

What part of inner ear are static equilibrium receptors in. For Gravity and changes of position in head

Answer 12

monitored by utricle and saccule

Question 13

What part of inner ear are the dynamic equilibrium receptors. For angular and rotational movements

Answer 13

Semicircular duct

Question 14

Receptor organ of hearing called

Answer 14

Spiral organ

Question 15

What are the components of spiral organ

Answer 15

Hair cells and supporting cells

Basilar membrane and tectorial membrane

Question 16

How is the pitch of the sound related to frequency of sound waves

Answer 16

Higher the pitch, higher the frequency

Question 17

How is loudness of sound related to amplitude of the sound waves

Answer 17

High amplitude is a loud sound

Question 18

What are the steps for detecting sounds

Answer 18

1 Sound waves enter ear and cause the tympanic membrane to vibrate.

Tympanic membrane vibration moves auditory ossicles; sound waves are amplified.

The stapes at the oval window generates pressure waves in the perilymph within the scala vestibuli.

Remaining pressure waves are transferred to the scala tympani nd exit the inner ear via the round window.
the cochlear duct and displacement of a specific region of the basilar membrane. Hair cells in the spiral organ are distorted, initiating a nerve signal in the cochlear branch of CN VIII.

Question 19

What is he role of inferior colliculi and tectal plate in hearing

Answer 19

.

Question 20

What does the term equilibrium refer to

Answer 20

Awareness and monitoring of head position

Question 21

What are sensory receptors for static equilibrium called

Answer 21

utricle and saccule

Question 22

What are sensory receptors for static equilibrium made of

Answer 22

Macula

Otolithic membrane

Question 23

What type of movement does macula detect

Answer 23

Head upright

Head tilted downward

Head tilted upward

Question 24

How does the macula detect movement

Answer 24

Hair cells bend when otholithic membrane moves which either inhibits or increases neurotransmitter release

Question 25

What are the sensory receptors for dynamic equilibrium called

Answer 25

Ampulla

Crista ampullaris

Cupula

Question 26

What causes motion sickness

Answer 26

When a person is exsponsed to acceleration or directional changes but do not have much visual contact with outside horizon

Question 27

Macula is made of

Answer 27

Hair cells with stereocilia and one lone cilium, called kinocilium

Question 28

Function of external acoustic Meatus

Answer 28

Prevents large objects from entering