Chapter 13 - Legacies of human evolutionary history: effects on the individual Flashcards
Epigenome
The instructions that determine how genes are expressed in a cell
Essential Amino Acids
the 9 (of 22) amino acids that must be obtained from the food we eat because they are not synthesized in the body in sufficient amounts.
Adolescent growth spurt
The period during adolescence when well nourished teens typically increase in stature at greater rates than at other points in the life cycle
Epigenetics
changes in phenotype that are not related to changes in underlying DNA and that may result from the interaction between the genotype and the environment
Endocrine Glands
Glands responsible for the secretion of hormones in the blood stream
Menarche
The first menstruation in girls, usually occurring in the early to mid-teens.
Menopause
The end of menstruation in women, usually occurring around age 50.
adolescent growth spurt
The period during adolescence when well-nourished teens typically increase in stature at greater rates than at other times in the life cycle.
essential amino acids
The 9 ( of 22) amino acids that must be obtained from the food we eat because they are not synthesized in the body in sufficient amounts.
epigenome
The instructions that determine how genes are expressed in a cell.
epigenetics
Changes in phenotype that are not related to changes in under-lying DNA and that may result from the interaction between the genotype and the environment.
endocrine glands
glands respon-sible for the secretion of hormones into the bloodstream.
senescence
Decline in physiological functioning usually associated with aging.
pleiotropic genes
Genes that have more than one effect; genes that have different effects at different times in the life cycle.
