Chapter 11 - The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans Flashcards
When approximately did modern humans first appear?
195k-200k YA
Regional continuity model?
They sug-gest that local populations— not all, of course— in Europe, Asia, and Africa continued their indigenous evolution-ary development from premodern Mid-dle Pleistocene forms to anatomically modern humans. how could anatomically modern humans arise separately in different continents and end up so much alike, both physi-cally and genetically? The multire-gional model answers this question by ( 1) denying that the earliest mod-ern H. sapiens populations originat-ed exclusively in Africa and ( 2) assert-ing that significant levels of gene flow ( migration) between various geograph-ically dispersed premodern popula-tions were extremely likely throughout the Pleistocene.
Replacement Model?
Replacement models all emphasize that modern humans first evolved in Africa and only later dispersed to other parts of the world, and replaced those already living in other regions.
when did the first modern Homo sapiens popula-tions appear in Africa?
Sometime, probably close to 200,000 ya to 195k ya. — Within 150,000 years or so, their descendants had spread across most of the Old World, even expanding as far as Australia ( and somewhat later to the Americas).
Partial replacement model
A hypothesis to explain the origin of modern Homo sapiens. It proposes that the first modern humans evolved in Africa, but when they migrated into other regions they did not simply replace existing human populations. Rather, they interbred to a limited degree with late archaic humans resulting in hybrid populations.
Magdalenian?
Pertaining to the final phase of the Upper Paleolithic stone tool industry in Europe.
Burins?
Small, chisel- like tools with a pointed end; thought to have been used to engrave bone, antler, ivory, or wood.
