Chapter 13 - Key Vocabs Flashcards
Albumin
Protein in the blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood
Antibody
A specific protein produced by the lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens
Antigen
A substance (usually foreign) that stimulates production of an antibody
Basophil
White blood cells that contains granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin
Bilirubin
Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by breakdown of hemoglobin when RBCs are destroyed
Coagulation
Blood clotting
Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)
Protein that stimulates the growth of white blood cells
Differentiation
The change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization
Electrophoresis
A method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge
Eosinophils
White blood cells that contains granules that stain red; associated with allergic reaction
Erythroblast
An immature red blood cell
Erythrocyte
Red Blood Cells
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell formation
Fibrin
Protein that forms the basis of a blood clot
Fibrinogen
Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
Globulin
Plasma protein; such as alpha, beta, and gamma (immune) globulins are example
Granulocyte
- White blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules
2. Eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil
Hematopoietic stem cell
A cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells
Hemogloblin
Blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells
Hemolysis
Destruction or breakdown of blood (red blood cells)
Heparin
Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells
Immune Reaction
Response of the immune system to foreign invasion
Immunoglobulin
A protein with antibody activity. Examples: IgG, M, A, D,E
Leukocyte
White blood cell
Lymphocyte
Mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies
Macrophages
- Monocytes that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces
- As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris
- They also destroy/remove worn out RBCs
Megakaryocyte
Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow
Monocytes
- Leukocyte with one large nucleus
- Engulfs foreign material and debris
- Become macrophages
Mononuclear
- Pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus
- Lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes
Myeloblast
Immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes
Neutrophil
- Granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow.
- Phagocytic tissue-fighting cell
- Also called polymorphonuclear leukocyte
Plasma
Liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, slats, nutrients, lipids, hormones, and vitamins
Plasmapheresis
Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge
Platelet
A small blood fragment important in clotting. Collects at the site of injury.
Polymorphonuclear
Pertaining to a white blood cell with multi-shaped nucleus; neutrophils
Prothrombin
Plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process
Reticulocyte
Immature erthyrocyte
Rh Factor
Antigen on red blood cells of Rh positive (Rh+) in individuals.
Serum
Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot.
Stem cell
Unspecialized cell that give rise to mature, specialized forms
Thrombin
Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
Thrombocyte
Platelets
Hemothorax
A collection of blood in the space between chest wall and the lung (pleural cavity). Basically a collection of blood in the pleural cavity.
