Chapter 13-Home Safety Flashcards
Common safety risks for infants and toddlers
Aspiration, suffocation, poisoning, falls motor vehicle injury, burns.
Common risks for preschoolers and school age children
Drowning, motor vehicle injury, firearms, play injury, burns, and poison.
This is the age to begin sex education for school age children.
Common risks for adolescence
Motor vehicle and injury, burns.
Social media (bullying, self harm, etc)
Common risks for young and middle-aged adults
Motor vehicle crashes are the most common cause of death an injury to adults, occupational injuries, alcohol consumption, and suicide.
Common risks for older adults
Physical, cognitive, and sensory changes
Changes in the musculoskeletal in neurological systems
Impaired vision or hearing
Frequent trips to the bathroom at night because of nocturia and incontinence
Elements of home safety plan
Keep emergency numbers near the phone
Have an exit plan for fires
Review with clients of all ages what to do if clothing or skin is on fire “stop, drop, and roll “
Review oxygen safety measures
Oxygen safety measures
Remember the oxygen is combustible and certain information should be followed to prevent combustion:
Use and store according to recommendations
Place a no smoking sign in a conspicuous place near the front door
Inform client and their family of the dangers of smoking near oxygen
Replace items that generate static electricity such as wool, nylon, and synthetics with cotton
Keep flammable materials such as heating oil and nail polish remover away from oxygen/client
Have a fire extinguisher readily available
Additional risks in the home
Passive smoking also known as secondhand smoke
Carbon monoxide (cannot be seen, smelled, or tasted)
Food poisoning
What is a primary survey?
A rapid assessment of life-threatening conditions, and it should take no longer than 60 seconds to perform.
ABCDE Principle
This principal guides the primary survey and emergency care.
Airway/cervical spine: patient’s airway needs to be established, protect the cervical spine if head or neck trauma a suspected.
Breathing: after achieving airway, assess for presence and effectiveness of breathing.
Circulation: assess circulation in all extremities.
Disability: perform quick assessment to determine clients level of consciousness
Exposure: perform quick assessment to determine clients exposure to adverse elements such as heat or cold.
Bleeding
Identify source, and apply direct pressure
Do not remove impaling objects, only stabilize.
Fractures/Splinting
Assess site for swelling, deformity, and skin integrity
Assess temperature, distal pulses, and mobility.
Apply splint to immobilize fracture, cover open areas with sterile cloth.
Make sure to assess circulation after splinting
Sprains
Use acronym RICE
R: Refrain from weight-bearing
I: Apply ice to decrease inflammation
C: apply a compression dressing to minimize swelling
E:Elevate the affected limb
Heat stroke
Manifestations include hot, dry skin, hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, anxiety, confusion, unusual behavior, seizures, and coma.
Client does not sweat.
Provide rapid cooling and try to prevent shivering.
Frostnip/frostbite
Can be treated with warming
Can be full or partial thickness
Warm in the area, provide pain medication, and administer a tetanus vaccination.
