Chapter 13: Forensic Anthropology Flashcards

1
Q

You can determine ____, _____, ____, and _____ of a victim from their remains

A

sex; race; height; physical health

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2
Q

Functions of Bones

A
  • provides posture & movement
  • protects our organs
  • contains bone marrow where blood cells are made
  • stores minerals and lipids
  • are alive
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3
Q

Bones originate from living cells called _______

A

osteoblasts

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4
Q

During fetal development, bones begin as soft ____

A

cartilage

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5
Q

The osteoblasts move to the center of the cartilage and deposit minerals, called ______, that will harden to bone form. This process is called ______.

A

calcium phosphate; ossification

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6
Q

The _________ is the protective membrane layer that contains _____ and ______ that cover the surface of the bone. (also keeps bones moist and helps in the repair of injuries)

A

perisoteum; nerves; blood vessels

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7
Q

______ are cells that form as a result of an ________ that becomes trapped in the construction of a bone. This can happen when a bone is ______. There is an increase of ______ produced, to help heal the break.

A

Osteocytes; osteoblast; broken; calcium phosphate

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8
Q

_______ contain functions of ______ bone (bc of bones growing, they need to be reshaped, maintain a balance in the body, and remove cellular ____ from the bones

A

osteoclasts; dissolving; wastes

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9
Q

An adult has _____ bones.
A baby has _____ bones.

A

206; 300

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10
Q

Bones meet at a _____.

A

joint

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11
Q

_____ wraps around the end of the bones for _____ & to keep them from scrapping against eachother

A

cartilage; protection

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12
Q

Ligaments

A

bands of tissue connecting two or more bones together

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13
Q

_____ connect muscle to bone

A

tendons

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14
Q

Osteobiology

A

the story of life told by the bones

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15
Q

Within Osteobiology, you can tell….

A
  • nutriental defencies
  • poor teeth
  • if right/left handed (bones will be slightly larger on more dominant hand)
  • lifting heavy objects (bones will be denser)
  • types of sports played (wear & tear of tendons)
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16
Q

Female Skeleton

A

more smoother; less knobby

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17
Q

Male Skeleton

A

thicker and rougher
(muscles are also more developed bc of hormones)

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18
Q

Female: Shape of Eye

A

Rounded

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19
Q

Male: Shape of Eye

20
Q

Female: Mandible shape from underside

A

V-shaped (jawbone > 90)

21
Q

Male: Mandible shape from underside

A

Square (jawbone = 90)

22
Q

Female: Upper brow ridge

A

Thin & smaller

23
Q

Female: Frontal bone

A

Higher & more rounded

24
Q

Male: Upper brow ridge

A

Thick & larger

25
Male: Frontal bone
Low & sloping
26
Female: Surface of the skull
Smooth
27
Male: Surface of the skull
Rough & bumpy
28
Female: Chin
Pointed chin
29
Male: Chin
Square chin
30
Female: Size
Smaller & lighter
31
Male: Size
Larger & heavier
32
Occipital protuberance is only present for _______. (sex)
males
33
What does it mean if there is scarring on a woman´s pelvis?
She has given birth
34
African Americans: Shape of eye orbits
rectangular
35
Asian: Shape of eye orbits
circular
36
White: Shape of eye orbits
circular w/ squared edges
37
African A.: Nasal spine/index
wide & flat bridge
38
Asian: Nasal spine/index
heart shaped & less pronounced
39
White: Nasal spine/index
narrow and pronounced
40
African A.: Shape of jaw
large teeth
41
Asian: Shape of jaw
shovel shaped upper incisors
42
White: Shape of jaw
small teeth, close together
43
African A.: Femur
only race where fingers don’t fit under curve
44
DNA profiling uses DNA from the ______
nucleus
45
Bone contains ________ (DNA from the _____)
mitochondrial; mother
46
_______ & _______ often damage bones
weathering; animals