Chapter 13- Cardiogenic Shock Flashcards
What is cardiogenic shock?
Cardiogenic shock is caused by inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure.
What is the primary function of the heart in the vascular system?
The constant pumping action of the heart muscle is required for circulation of blood throughout the vascular system.
What can cause destruction or inflammation of heart muscle?
Many diseases or injuries.
What happens when too much muscular damage occurs to the heart?
The heart no longer functions well.
What is a major effect of cardiogenic shock on blood circulation?
Backup of blood into the pulmonary vessels.
What condition results from the buildup of fluid in the alveoli?
Pulmonary edema.
Define edema.
Presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling.
What occurs when oxygen cannot diffuse across fluid-filled alveoli?
Tachypnea (rapid respirations) and crackles (rales).
What is cardiac output?
The volume of blood that the heart can pump per minute.
What factors determine cardiac output?
- Myocardial contractility
- Preload
- Afterload
What does myocardial contractility refer to?
The ability of the heart muscle to contract.
What is preload?
The pressure in the heart that builds up as the volume of blood coming to the heart increases.
How does increased preload affect cardiac output?
Increases myocardial contractility and cardiac output.
What is afterload?
The resistance against which the heart pumps.
What happens to cardiac output as afterload increases?
Cardiac output decreases.
What can cause cardiogenic shock?
Low cardiac output due to high afterload, low preload, poor contractility, or any combination of the three.
True or False: Chronically high afterload can lead to heart failure in patients with hypertension.
True.
Cardiogenic shock occurs when the body cannot maintain adequate _____
Cardiac output
