chapter 13 Flashcards
reading a presentation from a written text
manuscript speaking
delivering a speech word from memory without using notes
memorized speaking
delivering a well- developed well organized carefully rehearsed speech without having memorized exact wording
extemporaneous speaking
a word that refers to an individual member of a general class
specific word
a work that refers to an object or describes an action or characteristic in the most specific way possible
concrete word
a word that does not stereotype, discriminate against, or insult either gender or any racial, cultural, or religious group
unbiased word
a colorful word
vivid word
a list of synonyms
thesaurus
a word known to most people who speak the language
simple word
a word that means what speaker intends and is grammatically correct in the phrase or sentence in which it appears
correct word
language that deviates from the ordinary, expected meaning of words to make a description or comparison unique, vivid, and memorable
figurative language
an implied comparison between two things
metaphor
an overt comparison between two things that uses the word like or as
simile
the attribution of human qualities to inanimate objects or ideas
personification
a characteristic of a speech created when something is phrased in a way that differs fro, the way the audience expects
drama
leaving out a word or phrase the audience expects to hear
omission
reversing the normal word order of a phrase or sentence
inversion
withholding a key word or phrase until the end of a sentence
suspension
the rhythm of language
cadence
using the same grammatical structure for two or more clauses or sentences
parallelism
contrasting the meaning of the two parts of a parallel structure
antithesis
emphasizing a key word or phrase by using it more than once
repetition
the repetition of a consonant sound (usually the first consonant) several times in a phrase, clause , or sentence
alliteration
examples of effective nonverbal delivery
eye contact physical delivery gestures movement posture facial expression vocal delivery appearance
