Chapter 13 Flashcards
Middle Ages
“medieval period” 500-1500, roots in:
- classical heritage of Rome
- the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church
- the customs of various Germanic tribes
Franks
in Roman province of Gaul, they held power
Clovis was their leader and brought Christianity
monastaries
religious communities
where monks worked
monks devoted their lives
secular
worldly, doesn’t have to do with religion
Carolingian Dynasty
family that would rule the franks 751-987
Charlemagne
Charles/Charles the Great
ruled kingdom, Pepin the Shorts son
became emperor
lord
landowner
feif
the granted land from a lord
vassal
the person receiving a feif
knights
mounted horseman who pledged to defend lord’s land in exchange for feifs
serfs
peasants
majority of the people
couldn’t lawfully leave the place they were born
manor
the lords estate
tithe
10% tax to the church
chivalry
complex set of ideals
demanded that a knight fight for 3 masters: feudal lord, heavenly lord, chosen lady
tournaments
mock battles, recreation and combat training combined. Young knights trained-winners could demand a ransom
Troubadours
traveling poet-musicians at the castle and courts of Europe. Composed short verses and songs about the joys and sorrows of romantic love.
clergy
body of officials who perform religious services
the pope is over the clergy and the bishops supervised priests
sacraments
important religious ceremonies administered by priests and other clergy
canon law
church law, all medieval Christians, kings and peasants alike had to follow (matters like marriage)
Holy-Roman Empire
German-Italian empire that Otto created. strongest state in Europe until 1100
lay investiture
ceremony where kings and nobles appoint church officials.
-held power in naming bishops(kings tried to control)
