Chapter 13 Flashcards
(UCS) stands for what? p613
Unicode Character Set
This applet is used when you want to configure the browser environment and such things as the programs used to work with files found online. p613
Internet Options Applet
From within this one relatively innocuous panel you can make a large number of configuration changes to a Windows machine. p615
System Control Applet
What are some of the system control applets options that are available to use in this applet. p615
General Network Identification Device Manager Hardware Hardware Profiles User Profiles Environment Variables Startup and Recovery Performance System Restore Automatic Updates Remote Computer Name Advanced
Gives you an overview of the system such as OS version registration information basic hardware levels (processor and RAM) and the service pack level that’s installed if any. p616
General tab
This tab is used to define whether the machine is in a workgroup or a domain environment. p616
Computer Name
Loosely associated computers each of which is its own security authority that share a common workgroup name.p616
Workgroup
A group of computers that is tightly connected or associated and share a common domain name. Has a single authority (called a domain controller) that manages security for all the computers. p616
Domain
This tab includes a number of tools, all of which allow you to change how the hardware on your machine is used. p616
Hardware
To minimize the risks involved with adding third-party software to your machine Microsoft came up with a technique called what? p616
Driver Signing
Has three subheading, each of which can be configured separately. They’re not identical in windows versions, however and this could also be called Etc. tab. p617
Advanced
The tab you can find in Advance tab is? p 617
Performance
Environment Variables
User Profiles
Startup and Recovery
Environment Variables There are two types of environment variables, and you can access either one by clicking the Environment Variables button: p 618
User Variables: Specify settings that are specific to an individual user and do not affect others who log on to the machine. System Variables: Set for all users on the machine. System variables are used to provide information needed by the system when running applications or performing system tasks
System and user variables were extremely important in the early days of what? p618
DOS and Windows
This profile contains information about their settings and preferences. p618
User Profiles
In the user profile you will be given three options what are the opions. p618
Delete
Change Type
Copy To
Removes the user’s profile entirely. When that user logs on again, they will be given a fresh profile taken from the system default. p618
Delete
Allows you to configure a profile as local (the default) or roaming. If a user works at two machines, each machine will use a different profile. p618
Change Type
Copies a profile from one user to another. Often the source profile is a template set up to provide a standard configuration. p618
Copy To
When it’s enabled on one or more drives, the operating system monitors the changes you make on your drives. From time to time it creates what is called a restore point. Then, if you have a system crash, it can restore your data back to the restore point. p619
System Protection/System Restore
lets you enable or disable Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop. p619
Remote
Windows lets you configure how you want to handle updating the OS. You can specify that you want to automatically download updates or notify the user when updates are available (but not automatically install them), or you can turn off the feature. p620
Automatic Updates (Windows XP Only)
knows as Action Center in Windows 7 (WSCUI.CPL) is used to manage the firewall, automatic updates, and virus protection. From here, you can manage settings for Internet options as well and see any maintenance or troubleshooting issues that you need to attend to.
p620
The Security Center Applet
can be used to manage the firewall included with the operating system. Figure 13.5 shows the interface for Windows 7. p620
The Windows Firewall Applet
allows you to configure a power plan dictating when devices, namely the display and the computer, will to turn off or be put to sleep. p620
The Power Options Applet
(MS-DOS) stands for what? p620
Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) was never meant to be extremely user friendly. Its roots are in CP/M, which in turn has its roots in UNIX. Both of these older OSs are command line based, and so is MS-DOS.
A number of diagnostic utilities are often run at the command prompt, and they can be broken into two categories: p621
networking and operating system
The networking command-line tools you are expected to know for this exam are? p621
PING, TRACERT, NETSTAT, IPCONFIG, NET, NSLOOKUP, and NBTSTAT
is one of the most useful commands in the TCP/IP protocol. It sends a series of packets to another system, which in turn sends back a response. This utility can be extremely useful for troubleshooting problems with remote hosts. p622
PING command
is a command-line utility that enables you to verify the route to a remote host. p623
TRACERT Command
is used to check out the inbound and outbound TCP/IP connections on your machine. It can also be used to view packet statistics, such as how many packets have been sent and received and the number of errors. p623
NETSTAT Command
With Windows-based operating systems, you can determine the network settings on the client’s network interface cards, as well as any that a DHCP server has leased to your computer, by typing the following at a command prompt: ipconfig /all. p625
IPCONFIG Command
You can conduct this test by typing the following sequence of commands from the DHCP client at a command prompt: p625
ipconfig /release ipconfig /renew
is one of the first tools to use when experiencing problems accessing resources because it will show you whether an address has been issued to the machine. p625
IPCONFIG
(APIPA) stands for what? p625
Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) which will prevent the network card from communicating outside its subnet, if not altogether.
the capabilities of it differ based on whether it is server or workstation based and the version of the operating system. p629
NET Command
a command-line utility that enables you to verify entries on a DNS server. p631
NSLOOKUP Command
You can use the NSLOOKUP command in two modes: p631
In( Interactive) mode, you start a session with the DNS server in which you can make several requests.
In (Noninteractive) mode, you specify a command that makes a single query of the DNS server.
a command-line utility that shows NetBIOS over TCP/IP information. p631
NBTSTAT Command
What are the OS Command-Line Tools: p631
TASKKILL, BOOTREC, SHUTDOWN, TASKLIST, MD, RD, CD, DEL, FDISK, FORMAT, COPY, XCOPY, ROBOCOPY, DISKPART, SFC, CHKDSK, and /?
is used to terminate processes. Those processes can be identified by either name or process ID number (PID). The process can exist on the machine where the administrator is sitting (the default) or on another machine, in which case you signify the other system by using the /S switch. p631
TASKKILL Command
can be run in Windows 7 or Windows Vista to interact with the Master Boot Record (MBR), boot sector, or Boot Configuration Data (BCD) store. It cannot be used with Windows XP because it uses a different boot structure. p632
BOOTREC Command
can be used to schedule a shutdown (complete or a restart) locally or remotely. A variety of reasons can be specified and announced to users for the shutdown. p632
SHUTDOWN Command
is used at the command line to see a list of all the running processes (and their process ID number), similar to what you see in the GUI by using Task Manager. By default, it shows the processes on the current machine, but the /S switch can be used to see the processes on a remote machine. /SVC will show the services hosted in each process and you can use /U if you need to run the command as another user (/P allows you to specify a password associated with that user).p632
TASKLIST Command
are used to change (or display), make, and remove directories, respectively. p632
CD/MD/RD Commands
used to delete files and directories at the command line. Wildcards can be used with it and ERASE performs the same operations. p634
DEL Command
used to be included with earlier operating systems to make disk partitioning possible. This command does not exist in Windows 7, Vista, or XP, having been replaced with DISKPART. p634
FDISK Command
s used to wipe data off disks and prepare them for new use. Before a hard disk can be formatted, it must have partitions created on it. p634
FORMAT Command
It makes a copy of a file in a second location. (To copy a file and then remove it from its original location, use the MOVE command.) p635
COPY Command
It’s basically an extension of COPY with one notable exception—it’s designed to copy directories as well as files.p635
XCOPY Command
is included with Windows 7 and has the big advantage of being able to accept a plethora of specifications and keep NTFS permissions intact in its operations. p636
ROBOCOPY Command
shows the partitions and lets you manage them on the computer’s hard drives. p636
DISKPART Command
a command-line-based utility that checks and verifies the versions of system files on your computer. If system files are corrupted, the SFC will replace the corrupted files with correct versions. p636
SFC Command
can also correct file system problems (such as cross-linked files) and scan for and attempt to repair disk errors. p638
CHKDSK Command
Actually, if you just type HELP and press Enter, your computer gives you a list of system commands you can type. p638
/? Command
This centralized database contains environmental settings for various Windows programs. It also contains registration information that details which types of filename extensions are associated with which applications. p639
Registry
The Registry is broken down into a series of separate areas called what? p639
Hives
The basic hives of the Registry are: p639
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT HKEY_CURRENT_USER HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE HKEY_USERS HKEY_CURRENT_USER HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
(ASR) stands for what? p641
Automated System Recovery (ASR) which is accessible through the Backup utility, can be used as a last-resort option for system recovery in Windows XP. Both Windows Vista and Windows 7 use the WinRE recovery environment to do a Complete PC Restore to achieve the same goal.
Virtual memory uses what’s called? p641
swap file, or paging file
actually hard drive space into which idle pieces of programs are placed while other active parts of programs are kept in or swapped into main memory. p641
swap file
If you make the swap file too small, the system can become what? 642
unbootable, or at least unstable
lets you shut down nonresponsive applications selectively in all Windows versions. p642
Task Manager
To get to Task Manager directly in any of the Windows versions that include it, you can press? p642
Ctrl+Shift+Esc
lets you see which tasks are open on the machine. You also see the status of each task, which can be either Running or Not Responding. p643
Applications
lets you see the names of all the processes running on the machine. You also see the user account that’s running each process as well as how much CPU and RAM resources each process is using. p643
Processes
The six priorities, from lowest to highest, for the process task manager: p643
Low Below Normal Normal Above Normal High Realtime
For applications that need to complete sometime but that you don’t want interfering with other applications. On a numerical scale from 0 to 31, this equates to a base priority of 4. p643
Low
For applications that don’t need to drop all the way down to Low. This equates to a base priority of 6. p643
Below Normal
The default priority for most applications. This equates to a base priority of 8. p643
Normal
For applications that don’t need to boost all the way to High. This equates to a base priority of 10. p643
Above Normal
For applications that must complete soon, when you don’t want other applications to interfere with the applications’ performance. This equates to a base priority of 13. p643
High
For applications that must have the processor’s attention to handle time-critical tasks. Applications can be run at this priority only by a member of the Administrators group. This equates to a base priority of 24. p643
Realtime
Task Manager has at least five tabs: p642
Applications, Processes, Performance, Networking, and Users
interface as a front end in which you can run administrative tools. Many administrators don’t even know that applications they use regularly run within an MMC. p644
Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
can manage all the services running on a computer, in addition to a Device Manager that functions almost identically to the one that has existed since Windows 9x. It contains an Event Viewer to show any system errors and events as well as methods to configure the software components of all the computer’s hardware.p644
Computer Management
Computer Management, you will see all of the tools available. This is one power-packed interface, which includes the following system tools: p645
Device Manager = Lets you manage hardware devices.
Event Viewer = A link to the tool that allows you to view application error logs, security audit records, and system errors.
Shared Folders = Allows you to manage all of your computer’s shared folders.
Local Users And Groups = Allows you to create and manage local user and group accounts.
Performance Logs And Alerts = Shows you how your system hardware is performing, and alerts you if system performance goes under a threshold you set.
