Chapter 12 Flashcards
(OS) stands for what? p563
Operating system
Provides a consistent environment for other software to execute commands. p563
The Operating system
OS must communicate with the computer hardware to perform the following task: p563
Disk and file management
Device access
Memory management
Output format
Is software that is written to supplement the commands available to a particular OS. p564
Application
Allows the OS to properly understand how the hardware works and what it is able to do. p564
Driver
A particular revision of a piece of software normally described by a number that tells you how new the product is in relation to other versions of the product. p565
Version
Computer operating system can be open source meaning the OS can be examined and modified by anyone or they can be closed source meaning that only an owner or developer can modify or examine the code. p565
Source
A word often used interchangeably with closed source is what? p 565
Proprietary
A program that runs on top of the OS and allows the user to issue commands though a set of menus or other interface. p565
Shell
A method by which a person communicates with a computer using graphical images icons and methods other than next. p565
Graphical user interface (GUI)
Any group of computer that have a communication link between them. p565
Network
A multitasking method that depends on the application itself to be responsible for using the processor and then freeing it for access by other application. p565
Cooperative multitasking
A multitasking method in which the OS allots each application a certain amount of processor time and then forcibly takes back control and gives another application or task access to the processor. p565
Preemptive multitasking
The ability of a single application to have multiple requests in to the processor at one time. p565
Multithreading
An operating system that is 32-bit is one that can not only run on 32-bit processors but can utilize the capabilities of the processor fully. p 566
32-bit
A 64-bit operating system is one that is written to utilize the instructions possible with 64-bit processors. p566
64-bit
Commonly used to refer to operating systems intended to run on the Intel processor because Intel initially identified its 32-bit processors with numbers ending in 86 prior to switching to the Pentium line. p566
x86
Commonly used to denote operating systems that can run on 64-bit processors. This is also commonly referred to as AMD64 since AMD defined the 64-bit instruction set used today. p566
x64
This was intended to be a list of all the hardware that worked with Windows and the versions of Windows with which the hardware worked. p 566
(HCL) Hardware Compatibility List
Used to select a theme that enables you to quickly customize the look and feel of your machine. p 574
Personalization (or Themes)
In addition you can configure other items through the Customize Desktop button. p574
Background or Desktop
Originally used to prevent burned-in monitor screen-savers are now generally used for entertainment or to password-protect users Desktop. p574
Screen Saver
Used to select a color scheme for the Desktop or to change the color or size of other Desktop element. p574
Appearance
Used to set the color depth or screen size. Also contains the Advance button which leads to graphics drivers and monitor configuration setting. p 574
Settings
You can also access the display properties settings by using the display icons under what? p 574
Control Panel
The Taskbar contains two major items: p575
the Start menu and the system tray (systray)
The ________ is located on the right side of the Taskbar and contains only a clock by default but other Windows utilities may put their icons here to indicate that they are running and to provide the user with a quick way to access their features. p575
system tray
A quick way to access Help is to press what key? p580
F1 Key
this option writes any unsaved data to disk closes any open applications makes a copy of the Registry and gets the computer ready to be powered off. p581
Turn Off/ Shut Down
This option works the same as the first option but instead of causing the computer to shut down completely an shut off it automatically reboots it with a warm reboot. p581
Restart
This option places the computer into a hibernation state. The session is saved and can be restored but monitor and hard disks are turned off. p581
Sleep (Windows 7 and Windows Vista only)
This option places the into a low-power state. p581
Stand By (Windows XP only)
If you enable Hibernation on a Windows XP machine you can place the computer into hibernation by holding down the _______ while clicking Stand By in the Turn Off Computer screen. p581
Shift key
Shortcuts that allow a user to open a program or utility without knowing where that program is located or how it needs to be configured. p581
Icons
Icons consist of several major elements:
Icon label
Icon graphic
Program location or path
Know that the two types of networks you can choose from are what? p584
workgroup or domain
All files directories and programs in Windows are represented by icons and these icons are generally referred to as what? p584
Objects
What the basic window elements? p585
Control box Mimimize and maximize/Restore buttons Close button Title bar Menu bar Active bar Active window Border
When an application window has been launched it exists in one of three states: p587
Maximized
Restored
Minimized
Is a copy of your system configuration at a given point in time. p591
Restore Point
Process by which a computer stores data and retrieves it from storage. p593
File Management
