Chapter 13

Question 0

A statistical significance test for determining whether two or more means are significantly different.

Answer 0

Analysis of variance/F test

Question 1

The probability of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis that is used by a researcher to decide whether an outcome of a study is statistically significant

Answer 1

Alpha level

Question 2

And interval of values within which there is a given level of confidence where the population value lies

Answer 2

Confidence interval

Question 3

A concept used in tests a statistical significance; the number of observations that are free to vary to produce a known outcome

Answer 3

Degrees of freedom

Question 4

Random variability in a set of scores that is not the result of the independent variable. Statistically the variability of each score from its group mean.

Answer 4

Error variance

Question 5

Statistics designed to determine whether results based on sample data are generalizable to a population

Answer 5

Inferential statistics

Question 6

The hypothesis, used for statistical purposes, that the variables under investigation are not related in the population, that any observed effect based on sample results is due to random error

Answer 6

Null hypothesis

Question 7

The probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis

Answer 7

Power

Question 8

The likelihood that a given event (among a specific set of events) will occur

Answer 8

Probability

Question 9

The hypothesis that the variables under investigation are related in the population – that the observed effect based on sample data is true in the population

Answer 9

Research hypothesis

Question 10

Theoretical distribution of the frequency of all possible outcomes of a study conducted with a given sample size

Answer 10

Sampling distribution

Question 11

Rejection of the null hypothesis when an outcome has a low probability of occurrence (usually .05 or less) if, in fact, the no hypothesis is correct

Answer 11

Statistical significance

Question 12

Variability in a set of scores that is the result of the independent variable; statistically, the variability of each group mean from the grand mean of all subjects

Answer 12

Systemic variance

Question 13

A statistical significance test used to compare differences between means

Answer 13

T-test

Question 14

An incorrect decision to reject the null hypothesis when it is true

Answer 14

Type I error

Question 15

An incorrect decision to except the null hypothesis when it is false

Answer 15

Type II error