Chapter 13 Flashcards
What is social psychology?
Social psychology studies how our behavior is influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.
What is an attribution?
An attribution is a causal explanation for someone’s behavior, either about their personality (dispositional) or the situation (situational).
What is the fundamental attribution error (FAE)?
The tendency to overestimate personality factors and underestimate situational factors when explaining others’ behavior.
What is the self-serving bias?
The tendency to attribute our successes to internal causes and failures to external ones.
What factors reduce conformity?
Conformity decreases with easier tasks, the presence of an ally, and when responses are given in writing rather than verbally.
What is conformity?
involves adjusting one’s behaviour or thinking to match the norms or expectations of a group.
What is obedience to authority?
Obedience occurs when people follow direct orders from an authority figure, such as in Milgram’s shock experiments.
What were the results of Milgram’s obedience studies?
65% of participants administered the maximum shock, demonstrating the power of authority and context over behavior.
What is cognitive dissonance?
Emotional discomfort from holding contradictory beliefs or engaging in behavior that contradicts one’s beliefs.
What is the ABC model of attitudes?
Attitudes consist of three components: Affective (feelings), Behavioral (actions), and Cognitive (beliefs).
What is the Implicit Association Test (IAT)?
A timed task that measures implicit bias by testing the speed at which individuals pair stereotype-compatible words.
What is Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love?
Love consists of three key components: Intimacy, Commitment, and Passion, which can combine to form different types of love.
What is companionate love?
Love that combines intimacy and commitment but lacks passion, often seen in long-term relationships.
What is the liking gap?
The tendency to underestimate how much others like us, despite research showing people usually like us more than we think.
What are the key factors influencing attraction?
Proximity, similarity, self-disclosure, shared experiences, and physical attractiveness.
