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Sensation & Perception > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

what do mechanoreceptors sense?

A

pressure, vibration, movement

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2
Q

what is kinesthetics focused on?

A

muscles, tendons, joints

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3
Q

what do thermoreceptors sense?

A

changes in skin temperature

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4
Q

what do nocieptors sense?

A

pain (heat, pressure)

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5
Q

what do pleasant touch receptors sense?

A

slow-moving light forces (like petting)

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6
Q

what are the 4 somatosensory fibers?

A

A-alpha, A-beta, A-delta, C-fibers

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7
Q

what are A-alpha fibers for?

A

muscles and tendons

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8
Q

what are A-beta fibers for?

A

pressure and vibration

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9
Q

what are A-delta and C-fibers for?

A

temperature and pain/itch

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10
Q

what is the spinothalamic pathway?

A

from spinal cord to brain, carries information about skin temperature and pain

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11
Q

what is the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway?

A

from spinal cord to brain, carries signals from skin, muscles, tendons, joints

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12
Q

what is the somatosensory area 1?

A

parietal lobe, primary visual cortex

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13
Q

what is the somatosensory area 2?

A

motor control system

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14
Q

what is the gate control theory?

A

the transmission of pain acts as a gate that is opened by excitatory pain signals and closed by inhibitory signals

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15
Q

what is neural plasticity?

A

the ability of neural circuits to change function because of previous activity

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16
Q

what is phantom limb?

A

perceived sensation from an amputated limb

17
Q

what are the characteristics of mechanoreceptor SA 1?

A

small field, slow adaptation

18
Q

what are the characteristics of mechanoreceptor FA 1?

A

small field, fast adaptation

19
Q

what are the characteristics of mechanoreceptor SA 2?

A

large field, slow adaptation

20
Q

what are the characteristics of mechanoreceptor FA 2?

A

large field, fast adaptation

21
Q

According to the gate control theory, which signals can be blocked?

A

bottom-up signals from the nociceptors

22
Q

how do you measure pressure sensitivity?

A

present amounts of pressure over and over (hair, fishing lines), or ask what the smallest raised element is over a smooth surface

23
Q

how do you measure vibration sensitivity?

A

the minimum amount of vibration/ frequency that displaces the skin

24
Q

what is the two-point touch threshold?

A

the minimum distance that two stimuli are perceptible as separate

25
Q

what happens to touch sensitivity with age?

A

declines with age, except for blind people

26
Q

What happens to sensitivity with autism spectrum?

A

it’s heightened

27
Q

what happens to sensitivity in people with early deafness?

A

is reduced

28
Q

what is haptic perception?

A

knowledge derived from skin, muscles, etc.

29
Q

what is exploratory procedure?

A

feeling objects to perceive their properties

30
Q

what is material perception?

A

does not depend on the structure of the object; easy to perceive with no physical contact

31
Q

what is haptic search?

A

recognizing the presence of material properties

32
Q

what is tactile agnosia?

A

inability to identify objects by touch

33
Q

what causes tactile agnosia?

A

lesions in the parietal lobe

34
Q

what is the frame of reference?

A

system used to define locations in space

35
Q

what is tactile spatial attention?

A

anticipation of being touched can lead to voluntary directed attention to that location

36
Q

what is endogenous spatial attention?

A

top-down, knowledge-driven

37
Q

what is exogenous spatial attention?

A

bottom-up, stimulus-driven

38
Q

what is social touch?

A

words descriving interpersonal relationships (warm, cold, soft)

39
Q

what are examples of social touch in animals?

A

licking/grooming

Sensation & Perception (3 decks)

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