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chapter 13 Flashcards

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AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

which is the lowest frequency on the em spectrum

A

radio waves

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2
Q

which is the higest frequency on the em spectrum

A

gamma

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3
Q

what colours of the spectrum does white light contain

A

all of them

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4
Q

what colour has the shortest wavelength

A

violet

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5
Q

what colour has the longest wavelength

A

red

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6
Q

name 3 uses of light

A

torches cameras and optical fibres

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7
Q

do all objects give off infrafred radiation even if they are below freezing

A

yes

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8
Q

name 3 uses of infrared radiation

A

optical fibres remote controls and ovans

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9
Q

name 3 uses of microwaves

A

mobile phones microwave oven and sateliite oven

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10
Q

what is the wave length of a radio wave

A

range from milli meteres to kilometers

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11
Q

name 3 uses of radio waves

A

radio bluetooth and remote control car

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12
Q

what dangers can infrared pose

A

skin burns

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13
Q

what dangers can microwaves and radio waves pose

A

heating internal body parts

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14
Q

what waves can damage eye sight

A

visible light and infrared

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15
Q

what type of waves fit into the electromagect spectrum

A

transverse

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16
Q

what are waves in the electromagnectic spectrum

A

electric and magnetic disturbances thatn that transfer energy (not matter)

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17
Q

as you move from left to right across the electromagnetic spectrum what happens to the waves

A

the wavelength gets smaller and the frequency gets bigger

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18
Q

what wavelengths can the human eye see

A

350nm-650nm

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19
Q

what speed to all electromagnetic waves travel at in a vacuum

A

3x10 8 m/s

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20
Q

what is the equation for wave speed

A

wavepeed=frequency*wavelength

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21
Q

which has the highest frequency visible light, infrared or uv

A

uv has the highest frequency

22
Q

what are uses of uv

A

uv can be used for security such as bank notes having uv markings

23
Q

what are the dangers of uv

A

causing sun burn and damaging eyes

24
Q

what has a higher wavelength x rays or gamma

A

x ray

25
Q

what are the 2 main uses of gamma

A

killing harmful bacteria in food or surgical tools and cancer treatment

26
Q

what is the main use of x rays

A

medical imaging

27
Q

what is ionisation

A

when an atom looses an electron

28
Q

what happens if ionisng happens to living cells

A

damage cells and potentially cause cancer

29
Q

what do people who work with radiation wear

A

saftey film badge that changed colour when exposed to radiation

30
Q

what is a differnce between uv and visible light

A

you cant see uv

31
Q

what can waves transfer

A

energy and information

32
Q

what type of waves carry information and how do they do this

A

carrier waves they does this by varying their amplitude

33
Q

how do em waves change properties

A

based on frequency and wavelength

34
Q

what transfers more energy ? shorter or higher wavelengths

A

shorter, as the frequency is higher, this means that more waves arrive in more time so more energy can be transfered. The downside to this is that the range is lower due to absorbtion by the atmosphere

35
Q

which has a higher frequency radio waves or microwaves

A

microwaves

36
Q

what can microwaves be used for

A

satelite communication

37
Q

what device converts sound into electrical signals and how does it work

A

microphone coverts sound into electricial singnals, these are then combined with a carrier waves in a transmitter, this creats a radio signal. A reciever then converts the radio waves back into an electric current witn the same frquency as the wave. A speaker then converts this into sound.

38
Q

are childrens or adults brains more effected by the use of mobile phones

A

mobile phones use microwaves signals, children have thinner skulls then adults meaning their brains might be more effected by mobile phone use

39
Q

what are optical fibres and what 2 parts of the em spectrum do they use

A

optical fibres are thin transparent fibres that are used to transmit signals by infrared and visible light

40
Q

why are optical fibres secure

A

signal is contained in fibire not the air

41
Q

why can optical fibres transfer more enegy then radio waves

A

optical fibrres uses ligtht which has a shorter wavelength there for higher frqeuency then radio waves meaning it can transfer more information

42
Q

do x rays of uv have longer wavelengths

A

uv

43
Q

what parts of your body block x rays

A

bones teeth metal inside body

44
Q

how does an x ray work

A

they have a film or detected that changes when x rays hit it

45
Q

how can you x ray soft tissue organs

A

fill them with a contrast medium that absorbs x rays

46
Q

how can you cover parts you dont want to x ray

A

cover them with lead plates

47
Q

what is a radiation dose

A

a measure of the damadge done to the body by ionising radiation

48
Q

what factores effect radiation dose

A

radiation type time exposed the energy per second absorbed

49
Q

what is dose measured in

A

sv

50
Q

what waves are used in ct scans

A

x-rays from differnt angles to created a 3d image

51
Q
A

physics (18 decks)

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