16

Question 1

what is a nebula

Answer 1

a giant cloud of dust and gas

Question 2

what are stars formed from

Answer 2

a nebula

Question 3

what force pulls gas and dust together

Answer 3

gravity

Question 4

what is it called when the gas and dust (nebula) is pulled together

Answer 4

protostar

Question 5

how are planets formed

Answer 5

the sun isn’t hot enough yet for nuclear fission but it can evaporate ice and push gas away leaving rocks behind. These rocks begin to pull together under gravity forming planets.

Question 6

how does a protostar get thermal energy

Answer 6

as the dust and gas gets pulled together it loses gravitational potenital energy, which becomes kinetic energy, which becomes the thermal energy in our star. As this thermal energy is gained the temperature rises and as more mass is pulled in by gravity the pressure rises, until the protostar becomes so hot it begins to fus hydrogen into helium. Nuclear fission

Question 7

what happens to a star after it is a protostar

Answer 7

main sequence star

Question 8

what is the sun mainy made of

Answer 8

hydrogen

Question 9

what keeps the sun stable and why

Answer 9

gravity because it it counters pressure from the sun pushing the walls outwards

Question 10

whar are areas in a nebula where stars are forming called

Answer 10

stella nurseries

Question 11

what happens when a star runs out of fuel

Answer 11

The star begins to swell and cool as it runs out of fuel. At this point the other heavier elements are being fused. This stage is called a red giant. If the star is big enough it will become a red super giant and undergo a differnt path of changes.

Question 12

what happens when a star runs out of all elements it can fuse together

Answer 12

it will collapse under its own gravity, as it collapses it begins to heat again.

Question 13

what happens when a star collapes

Answer 13

it becomes a white hot called a white dwarf, this star will eventually cool down, fading and becoming a black dwarf . This is the end of its life cycle

Question 14

what happens when a red supergiant collapses

Answer 14

a bright explosion to form a super nova

Question 15

what happens to a smaller supernova

Answer 15

collapse to form a neutron star

Question 16

what happens to a larger supernova

Answer 16

collapse to form a black hole

Question 17

what will the sun eventually become

Answer 17

red giant black dwarf white dwarf

Question 18

what force keeps object in orbit around each other

Answer 18

gravity

Question 19

name some object that orbit due to gravity

Answer 19

star, moon , planet, comets , atsroids

Question 20

which way does the direction of force go due tio gravity that keeps the earth in orbit

Answer 20

from the earth towards the sun

Question 21

where does the direction the earthc velocity go

Answer 21

perpendicular to the direction of the force

Question 22

what would happen if the earth slowed down and why

Answer 22

it would move closer to the sun because the direction of veloicty would be pointed closer to the sun

Question 23

what are the 2 types of orbits

Answer 23

geostationary and polar

Question 24

what is the doppler effect

Answer 24

when the sound biggins higher pitched and as it passes you it sounds lower pitched. e.g the doppler effect is the change in frequency of a wave due to the source moving relative to the observer

Question 25

what colour of shift is the fastest way a glaxie it moveing away from the eartch

Answer 25

red shift

Question 26

what does blue shift mena

Answer 26

the glaxy is moveing towards us

Question 27

what does the big bang theory explain

Answer 27

how the universe is expanding