Chapter 13 Flashcards
Articles that are intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering appearance
Cosmetics
Ingredients in cosmetic products that allow the products to spread, give them body and texture and give them specific form such as a lotion, cream, or gel: preservatives are also functional ingredients
Functional Ingredients
Ingredients in cosmetic products that cause the actual changes in the appearance of the skin
Performance ingredients
Describes products that do not contain any water
Anhydrous
Oil or fatty ingredients that lubricate, moisturize, and prevent water loss
Emollients
Lubricant derived from petroleum
Mineral oil
Emollients; lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats
Fatty acids
Emollients: fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen
Fatty alcohols
Emollients produced from fatty acids and alcohols
Fatty esters
Oil that is chemically combined with silicon and oxygen and leaves a noncomedogenic, protective file in the surface of the skin.
Silicones
Soaps and detergents that clean the skin
Cleansers
Compatible with oil
Oil soluble
Mixable with water
Water soluble
Oils derived from herbs: have many different properties and effects in the skin and psyche
Essential oils
Chemical agents that inhibit growth of microorganisms in cosmetic formulations. These kill bacteria and prevent products from spoiling.
Preservatives
Inorganic color agents that also known as metal salts; listed in ingredient labels as D&C
Certified colors
Colors that are organic, meaning they come from animal or plant extracts; they can also be natural mineral pigments
Noncertified colors
Insoluble pigments made by combining dye with an inorganic material
Lakes
Fats or fat like substances, lipids help repair and protect the barrier function of the skin
Lipids
Mechanical and chemical products or processes used to exfoliate the skin
Exfoliants
Spreading agents and ingredients that carry or deliver other ingredients into the skin and Make them more effective
Vehicles
Closed lipids bilateral spheres that encapsulate ingredients, Target their delivery to specific tissues of the skin and control their release
Liposomes
Chemical compounds formed by combining a number of small molecules into long chain like structures; advanced vehicles that release substances onto the skin’s surface at a microscopically controlled rate
Polymers
TRF; Ingredient derived from yeast cells that functions as an anti inflammatory and moisturizing agent
Tissue respiratory factor
Skin conditioning agents derived from carbs and proteins that enhance cellular metabolism and wound healing
Glycoproteins
Chains of amino acids that stimulate fibroblasts, cell metabolism, collagen, and improve skins firmness. Larger chains are called polypeptides
Peptides
Natural form of vitamin A, stimulates cell repair and helps to normalize skin cells by generating new cells
Retinol
Beta hydroxy acid with exfoliating and antiseptic properties; natural sources include sweet birch, willow bark, and wintergreen
Salicylic acid
Derived from olives; desensitizes and nourishes, an emollient.
Originally from shark liver oil. A lubricant and ferrule fixative
Squalene
An anti inflammatory compound isolated from the herb comfrey; it is used in creams, hand lotion, hair lotion, aftershave, and other skin soothing cosmetics for its ability to heal wounds and skin ulcers and to stimulate growth of healthy tissues
Allantoin
Plant extract with calming and soothing properties
Chamomile
Oil widely used in cosmetics; extracted from the bean like seeds of the desert shrub. Used as a lubricant and noncomedogenic emollient and moisturizer
Jojoba
Antiallergenic, anti inflammator, antiseptic, antibacterial, balancing, energizing, soothing and healing
Lavender
Credited with moisturizing, anti stringent, tonic and deodorant properties; found in the forms of rose extracts oil or water
Rose
Extracted from the bark of hamanelis; can be soothing agent or in higher concentrations, an astringent
Witch hazel
Therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils for beauty and health treatment purposes
Aromatherapy
Skin refreshing lotions with a low alcohol content
Fresheners
Aka fresheners or astringents; liquids designed to tone and tighten the skins surface
Toners
Liquids that help remove excess oil from the skin
Astringent
Physical method of rubbing dead cells off of the skin
Mechanical exfoliation
Chemical agent that dissolves dead skin cells and the intercellular matrix or “glue@ that holds them together
Chemical exfoliation
Enzyme products that dissolve keratin proteins (dead skin cells) and exfoliate the skin
Enzyme peels
Concentrated treatment products often composed of herbs, vitamins, mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, oils, beneficial extracts and other ingredients
Mask
Concentrated liquid ingredients for the skin designed to penetrate and treat various skin conditions
Serums
Small, sealed vials containing single application of highly concentrated extracts in a water or oil base
Ampoules
