Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define a host range

A

What host cells a virus can infect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do receptors determine what cells a virus and infects

A

By specific attachment sites and cellular functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define a bacteriophage

A

Virus that only infect bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define zoonotic

A

Disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are examples of infections from zoonotic

A

Rabies
Cowpox
Anthrax
SARS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define a virion

A

Complete, fully developed viral particle (infectious form of virus outside cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the capsid in a virus

A

Protein coat made of capsomeres subunits- that surround the core of the virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three shapes of of a virus

A

Helical
Polyhedral
Complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is capsomere

A

Protein subunit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are nucleic acids in a virus

A

DNA or RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are examples of enveloped viruses

A

Herpes,Mumps,Measles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are examples of naked viruses

A

HPV, Polio, Rhinovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the taxonomy of viruses

A

Order name ends in- ales
Family name ends in- viridae
Genus name ends in- virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define viral species

A

A group of viruses sharing the same genetic information and ecological niche( host)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are subspecies designed

A

By a number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define acute infection

A

Burst of virus/ Virions released from infected host cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Examples of acute infection

A

Polio, Ebola, Flu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define Latent

A

Viral genome remains silent, can reactivate later causing a productive infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Examples of a latent infection

A

Chicken pox, shingles

20
Q

Define persistent( Chronic)

A

Gradual infection over a long period

21
Q

Examples of persistent ( chronic)

A

HIV, Liver cancer

22
Q

What are spikes

A

Projections from outer surface

23
Q

Why are enveloped viruses harder to get rid of

A

Made of host cell plasma membrane

24
Q

Explain the lyric cycle

A

Phage causes lysis and death of the host cell, cell brakes open and viruses are released

25
Q

What are the phases of the lytic cycle

A 
Attachment 
Penetration 
Biosynthesis 
Maturation 
Release
26
Q

In the attachment phase of the lytic cycle what happens

A

Phage attaches to the host cell

27
Q

In the penetration stage what happens

A

Phage lysozyme opens the cell wall, tail sheath contracts to force the tail core of the dna in the cell

28
Q

What happens in the biosynthesis stage

A

Production of phage dna and proteins

29
Q

What happens in the maturation stage

A

Assembly of phage particles

30
Q

What happens in the release stage

A

Phage lysozyme breaks the cell wall and virions are released

31
Q

What happens in the lysogenic cycle

A

Phage DNA is incorporated in the host DNA
Phage Conversion
Specialized transduction

32
Q

Requirements for viral multiplication

A

Invade host cell
Take over hosts metabolic machinery
One step growth curve

33
Q

Prions are

A

Proteinaceous infectious particles- inherited and transmissible by ingestion, transplant, and surgical instruments

34
Q

What are the challenges with growing animal viruses

A

Trying to find a animal

35
Q

What is a oncogenic virus

A

Virus capable of causing tumors

36
Q

Examples of cancers caused by virus are

A

Liver cancer adult leukemia lapis’s sarcoma

37
Q

Influenza virus is

A

Zoonose comes from animals

Enveloped virus, RNA- strand

38
Q

Neuraminidase( NA)

A

9 subtypes about 100/ virus

39
Q

Hemagglutinin HA

A

16 subtypes and about 500 viruses major antigen

40
Q

The health related issues with the flu are

A

Respiratory infections, fever, cough, achy, can cause pneumatic

41
Q

Why do you need to get a new flu shot each year

A

Evolves rapidly and many types it’s not a one pice if nucleic acid

42
Q

Ebola is a

A

Enveloped RNA - strand virus

43
Q

What is a viroid

A

Short piece of naked RNA, no protein coat. Only infects plants/ potato spindle tuber disease

44
Q

How do prions cause disease

A

By conversion of a normal protein into an infectious from called ( prpsc)

45
Q

How do prions do damage

A

Plaques of fragments of prpsc molecules form in the Brian

Microbiology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions