Chapter 12 Vocabulary

Question 0

Responds immediately to protect the body from all foreign substances

Answer 0

Nonspecific defense system

Question 1

Called lymphatics; pick up excess tissues fluid and returns it to the blood

Answer 1

Lymphatic vessels

Question 2

Highly specific resistance to disease

Answer 2

Immunity

Question 3

A nonspecific response that is triggered whenever body tissues are inured; body’s second defense

Answer 3

Inflammatory response

Question 4

“Chemical alarm”; an inflammatory process caused by oriented movement toward or was from a chemical stimulus

Answer 4

Chemotaxis

Question 5

Produce antibodies and oversee humoral immunity

Answer 5

B lymphocytes

Question 6

A specialized substance produced by the body that can produce immunity against a specific antigen

Answer 6

Antibodies

Question 7

When a weakened strand of a virus is injected into the blood stream and causes a reaction from the immune system

Answer 7

Vaccine

Question 8

Member of T & B cell clones that provide for immunological memory

Answer 8

Memory cell

Question 9

The process in which a B cell or T cell becomes sensitized through binding contact with an antigen

Answer 9

Clonal selection

Question 10

Capable of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it

Answer 10

Immunocompetent

Question 11

A mass of lymphatic tissue; remove foreign materials such as bacteria from lymphatic system

Answer 11

Lymph nodes

Question 12

Called immune system; mounts the attack against particular foreign substances

Answer 12

Specific defense system

Question 13

A harmful, disease-causing microorganism

Answer 13

Pathogen

Question 14

Any substance that, when introduced to the body, is recognized as foreign and activates the immune system

Answer 14

Antigen

Question 15

Non-antibody producing lymphocytes that constitute the cell-mediated part of immunity

Answer 15

T lymphocytes

Question 16

A phagocytic cell particularly abundant in lymphatic and connective tissue; important as an antigen-presenter to T & B cells in the immune response

Answer 16

Macrophages

Question 17

Descendants of a single cell

Answer 17

Clone

Question 18

Immunity produced by an encounter with an antigen; provides immunological memory

Answer 18

Active immunity

Question 19

Short lived immunity resulting from the production of “borrowed antibodies” obtained from an immune animal or human donor; immunological memory is not produces

Answer 19

Passive immunity

Question 20

Regulates T cells that suppress the immune response

Answer 20

Suppressor T cells

Question 21

Effector T cells that directly kills foreign cells; “Killer T cells”

Answer 21

Cytotoxin T cells

Question 22

“Directors or managers”; recruit other cells to fight invaders

Answer 22

Helper T cells

Question 23

When the body produces antibodies and sensitized T cells that attack and damage it’s own tissues

Answer 23

Autoimmune disease

Question 24

Blockage of the harmful effects of bacterial exotoxins or viruses by the binding of antibodies to their functional sites

Answer 24

Neutralization