Chapter 12 - unsure if on exam 2 Flashcards
Define attachment style
The degree of security experienced in interpersonal relationships
Define communal relationship
A relationship in which partners expect mutual responsiveness to one another’s needs
Define companionate love
The affection we feel for people with whom our lives are deeply intertwined
Define dismissive attachment style
A conflicted, insecure attachment style characterized by high self-esteem and low interpersonal trust
Define equity theory
The theory that relationships are most satisfying when the ratio between benefits and contributions is similar for both partners
Define exchange relationship
A relationship in which partners expect strict reciprocity
Define excitation transfer
The process by which arousal from one stimulus can be transferred to the second stimulus (a person)
Define fearful-avoidant attachment style
The most insecure of the attachment styles, characterized by low self-esteem and low interpersonal trust
Define interpersonal trust
Involves the belief that people are generally trustworthy and dependable and is the attitude that underlies the development of attachment styles
Define investment
Those resources that have been devoted to a relationship that cannot be retrieved
Define matching hypothesis
The hypothesis that people are more likely to form longstanding relationships with others whose social attitudes match theirs and with those who are similar in physical attractiveness
Define mere exposure
The hypothesis that the mere repeated exposure of an individual to a stimulus enough for an increase in favorable response to that stimulus
Define need for affiliation
The desire to establish and maintain rewarding interpersonal relationships
Define negative attributional style
Occurs when a person explains their partner’s behaviors in negative ways
Define passionate love
A state of intense longing for union with another
Define preoccupied attachment style
A conflicted, insecure attachment style characterized by low self-esteem and high interpersonal trust
Define proportion of similarity
An equation that divides the number of topics on which two people express similar views by the total number of topics on which they have communicated, resulting in a prediction of attraction
Define reciprocity
The exchange of what we receive for what we get, which can include liking those who like us back
Define repulsion hypothesis
States that similarity doesn’t actually have any effect on attraction
Define secure attachment style
The most successful of the attachment styles, characterized by high self-esteem and high interpersonal trust
Define social exchange theory
An economic model of human behavior in which people make decisions based on maximizing benefits and minimizing costs in relationships
Define triangular theory of love
Robert Sternberg’s theory that love is made of three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment
The hypothesis that repeated contact with a stimulus is enough for an increase in favorable response is called ______
a. mere exposure
b. proximity
c. interaction
d. attachment
a. mere exposure
Studies of the concept of physical attractiveness across cultures have found that
a. people from asian countries tend to favor smaller features
b. collectivist cultures place very little emphasis on physical attractiveness
c. there’s very little difference in what’s considered physically attractive by people from different cultures
d. people from the US tend to favor large eyes and prominent cheekbones
c. there’s very little difference in what’s considered physically attractive by people from different cultures
