Chapter 12: Typical Cognitive Flashcards
Leonard is teaching Sally how to play a new card game. During the first time through the game, Leonard looks at Sally’s cards and helps her decide how to play them at each turn. As Sally becomes more familiar with the game’s rules and strategies, Leonard gives her fewer hints and less assistance. This illustrates:
scaffolding
As a first-grade teacher reads a book about penguins in Antarctica, she points to Antarctica on a globe. Six-year-old John seems really puzzled. “How come they don’t fall off the earth?” he asks. From Piaget’s perspective, John can best be described as:
experiencing disequalibrium
Imagine that you are a teacher of children ages 8-9. If you were to make predictions based on Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, you would expect most or all of your students to exhibit____ thinking.
concrete operations
An example that best-illustrates Piaget’s concept of object permanence is?
two-year-old Jasmine looks for a favorite toy her father has just hidden in a box
From Piaget’s perspective, children are:
Eager to interact with and make sense of their world
An example that best illustrates Piaget’s concept of accommodation is?
Carol revises her understanding of what clouds are like when she studies them in science.
Which one of the following is the best example of an authentic activity:
- discussing reasons why WWI occured
- listing four different kinds of sedimentary rocks
- designing a bridge using principles of physics
designing a bridge using principles of physics
Roger is shown two piles of sand and says that each pile has the same amount. However, when one pile is flattened with a shovel, Roger is probably in Piaget’s _____ stage of development.
preoperational
What is an example of a child working in his or her zone of proximal development?
Berta is beginning to learn basic woodworking techniques. She has trouble hammering a nail straight into a piece of wood unless her teacher stands beside her, helping and reminding her of what to do.
In her first trip to the zoo, 7-year-old Latisha notices that leopards have paws very similar in shape to her cat Snowball’s paws. She also notices that leopards walk in much the same way that Snowball does. Latisha starts to wonder if perhaps leopards are cats. Latisha’s thinking illustrates Piaget’s idea:
use of schemes
The process of assimilation and accommodation both involve:
relating new information to prior knowledge
What is an example that reflects a fundamental difference between Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories of cognitive development?
how much children depend on adult guidance to make cognitive gains
Carl can correctly answer a question such as, “If all flegs are blats, and if all blats are dulms, are all flegs also dulms?” From Piaget’s perspective, Carl is most likely in the ___ stage of cognitive development.
formal operations
Central to Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development is the idea that children make sense of their world:
by interacting with more experienced people who mediate their understandings
