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Medical Terminology > Chapter 12 Terminologies > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Terminologies Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoid

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2
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus, air sac

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3
Q

bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

bronchial tubes

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4
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole, small bronchus

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5
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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6
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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7
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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8
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

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9
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx

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10
Q

lob/o

A

lobe (of the lung)

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11
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

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12
Q

nas/o, rhin/o

A

nose

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13
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

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14
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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15
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

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16
Q

phon/o

A

voice

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17
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

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18
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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19
Q

pneum/o, pneunom/o, pulmon/o

A

lung

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20
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus

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21
Q

spir/o

A

breath, breathing

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22
Q

tel/o

A

complete

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23
Q

thorac/o

A

thorax

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24
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

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25
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

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26
Q

-ema

A

condition

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27
Q

-osmia

A

smell

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28
Q

-pnea

A

breath, breathing

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29
Q

-pstysis

A

spitting

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30
Q

-sphyxia-

A

pulse

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31
Q

-thorax-

A

chest, pleural cavity

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32
Q

auscultation

A

listening, hearing

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33
Q

percussion

A

tapping

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34
Q

rales

A

crackling sounds heard on inspiration

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35
Q

rhonchi

A

low rumbling sounds heard on auscultation

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36
Q

sputum

A

material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract spitting

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37
Q

stridor

A

strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in pharynx or larynx

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38
Q

wheezes

A

continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing

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39
Q

croup

A

acute viral infection with obstruction of larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor

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40
Q

diptheria

A

acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diptheria bacterium

41
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

42
Q

pertussis

A

whooping cough- bacterial infection of pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by Bordetella bacterium

43
Q

asthma

A

chronic bronchial inflammatory disorde with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction, and increased mucus production

44
Q

bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of bronchus (secondary infection)

45
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation of bronchi over a long time

46
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

inherited disorder of exocrine glans resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory track that do not drain normally

47
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion of alveoli (without complete dilation)

48
Q

emphysema

A

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

49
Q

lung cancer

A

malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi

50
Q

NSCLC Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

A

90% of all lung cancers-most commonly r/t smokin

51
Q

SCLC Small Cell Lung Cancer

A

small round cells found in pulmonary epithelium (chief cause-smoking)

52
Q

pneumonectomy

A

excision of the lung

53
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

abnormal condition caused by dust in lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection & bronchitis

54
Q

anthracosis

A

example of pneumoconiosis; aka Black Lung Disease

55
Q

pneumonia

A

acute inflammation & infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of inflammatory reaction

56
Q

ways to get pneumonia

A
  1. Community acquired
  2. Hospital acquired
  3. Aspiration pneumonia
57
Q

pulmonary abscess

A

large collection of pus (from a bacterial infection)

58
Q

pulmunary edema

A

fluid in air sacs and bronchioles (most frequently found in congestive heart failure, b/c heart can’t pump blood satisfactorily)

59
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

clot or the material lodges in vessels of the lung

60
Q

pulmonary fibrosis

A

formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of lung

61
Q

tuberculosis (TB)

A

infectious disease cause by Mayobacterium Tuberculosis

62
Q

Mesothelioma

A

rare malignant tumor which forms in lining of pleura, caused by exposure to asbestos

63
Q

pleural effusion

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in pleural space (r/t infection, tumors, & fluid from heart failure, embolism, cirrhosis)

64
Q

pleurisy (pleuritis)

A

inflammation of the pleura: symptoms are pleurodynia, dyspnea

65
Q

pneumothorax

A

collection of air in the pleural space

66
Q

chest x-ray

A

radiographic image of the thoracic cavity (abbreviation CXR)

67
Q

Computed Tomography (CT) scan of chest

A

computer-generated series of x-ray image which show thoracic structures in cross section and other planes

68
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of chest

A

magnetic waves create detailed images of chest in frontal, sagittal, and cross-sectional planes

69
Q

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan of lung

A

radioactive glucose injected. Images reveal metabolic activity in lungs

70
Q

bronch/o/scopy

A

visual examination of the bronchus

71
Q

laryng/o/scopy

A

visual examination of larynx (voice box)

72
Q

mediastin/o/scopy

A

visual examination of mediastinum

73
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

placement of tube through mouth into pharynx, larynx, & trachea to establish airway

74
Q

thorac/centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from pleural space

75
Q

thorac/o/tomy

A

incision of the chest

76
Q

thorac/o/scopy

A

visual examination of chest

77
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea

78
Q

tube thoracostomy

A

flexible tube passed into pleural space through open-ing in chest

79
Q

adenoidectomy

A

excision of the adenioid

80
Q

adenotome

A

instrument to cut the adenoids

81
Q

a/sphyxia

A

without pulse

82
Q

bronchiol/itis

A

inflammation of bronchoiles

83
Q

bronchodilator

A

dilation of bronchus

84
Q

bronch/o/spasm

A

involuntary muscle contraction of the bronchus

85
Q

cyan/o/sis

A

abnormal condition of blue

86
Q

dys/phon/ia

A

condition of difficulty speaking

87
Q

hemo/ptysis

A

spitting blood

88
Q

hemo/thorax

A

blood in chest

89
Q

hyper/capn/ia

A

condition of excessive carbon dioxide

90
Q

hyper/pnea

A

excessive breathing

91
Q

hyp/oxia

A

below normal oxygen

92
Q

ortho/pnea

A

breathing straight

93
Q

para/nas/al

A

pertaining to around the nose

94
Q

py/o/thorax

A

pus in the chest

95
Q

rhino/plasty

A

surgical repair of the nose

96
Q

rhino/rrhea

A

discharge from the nose

97
Q

spiro/meter

A

instrument to measure breathing

98
Q

tachy/pnea

A

fast, rapid breathing

99
Q

tonsill/ectomy

A

surgical removal of tonsil

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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