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Medicin: frågor i boken > Chapter 12: Senses > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Senses Flashcards

1
Q

You enter a sauna and it feels awfully hot, but soon the temperature feels comfortably warm. What have you experienced?

a. damaged to your thermoreceptors
b. sensory adaption
c. a change in the temperature of the sauna
d. inactivation of your thermoreceptors
e. temporary damage to sensory neurons

A

b. sensory adaption

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2
Q

The lacrimal glands produce ………., which drain(s) into the ……….

a. tears - anterior cavity
b. tears - nasal cavity
c. the vitreous body - vitreous chamber
d. aqueous humor - anterior cavity
e. aqueous humor - scleral venous sinus

A

b. tears - nasal cavity

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3
Q

The spiral organ (organ of Corti) …

a. contains hair cells
b. is responsible for equilibrium
c. is filled with perilymph
d. is another name for the auditory (eustachian) tube
e. transmits auditory nerve impulses to the brain

A

a. contains hair cells

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4
Q

Equilibrium and the activities of muscles and joints are monitored by…

a. olfactory receptors
b. nocireceptors
c. tactile receptors
d. proprioceptors
e. thermoreceptors

A

d. proprioceptors

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5
Q

In the retina, cone photoreceptors…

a. are more numerous than rods
b. contain the photopigment rhodopsin
c. are more sensitive to low light levels than are rods.
d. tend to be highly concentrated in the optic disc.
e. provide higher acuity of vision than do rods.

A

e. provide higher acuity of vision than do rods.

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT required for a sensation to occur?

a. the presence of a stimulus
b. a receptor specialized to detect a stimulus.
c. the presence of slowly adapting receptors.
d. a sensory neuron to conduct impulses.
e. a region of the brain for integration of the nerve impulse.

A

e. a region of the brain for integration of the nerve impulse.

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7
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

color vision

A

cone photoreceptors

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8
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

taste

A

gustatory receptor cells

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9
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

smell

A

olfactory receptor

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10
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

dynamic equilibrium

A

cristae

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11
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

vision in dim light

A

rod photoreceptor

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12
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

stretch in a muscle

A

muscle spindle

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13
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

static equilibrium

A

maculae

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14
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

pressure

A

pacinian corpuscle

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15
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

touch

A

Meissner corpuscle

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16
Q

Match the function with its receptor:

detection of pain

A

nocireceptor

17
Q

The type of pain that can be precisely localized is…

a. referred pain
b. fast pain
c. slow pain
d. chronic pain
e. none of the above because pain cannot be localized.

A

b. fast pain

18
Q

Which of the following characteristics of taste is NOT true?

a. olfaction can affect taste.
b. three cranial nerves conduct the impulses for taste to the brain.
c. taste adaption occurs quickly.
d. humans can recognize about 10 primary tastes.
e. taste receptors are located in taste buds on the tounge, on the roof of the mouth, in the throat and in the epiglottis.

A

d. humans can recognize about 10 primary tastes.

19
Q

An ice skater is spinning rapidly on the ice. What is occuring in her inner ear?

a. the hair cells on the macula are responding to changes in static equilibrium.
b. the hair cells in the cochlea are responding to changes in dynamic equilibrium.
c. the cristae of each semicircular duct are responding to changes in dynamic equilibrium.
d. the cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve is transmitting nerve impulses to the brain related to equilibrium.
e. the auditory (eustachian) tube is adjusting for varying air pressures.

A

c. the cristae of each semicircular duct are responding to changes in dynamic equilibrium.

20
Q

Kinesthesia is the…

a. perception of body movements.
b. ability to identify an object by feeling it.
c. sensation of weightlessness that occurs in outer space.
d. decrease in sensitivity of receptors to a prolonged stimulus.
e. movement of body parts in a rhytmic manner.

A

a. perception of body movements.

21
Q

Which of the following is NOT true about nocireceptors?

a. they respond to stimuli that may cause tissue damage.
b. they consist of free nerve endings.
c. they can be activated by excessive stimuli from other sensations.
d. they are found in virtually every body tissue except the brain.
e. they adapt very rapidly.

A

e. they adapt very rapidly.

22
Q

The sense of smell…

a. requires the presence of dissolved odorants
b. is transmitted through olfactory nerves and olfactory tracts.
c. evokes emotional responses because of limbic system involvement.
d. is initiated by stimulating olfactory hairs.
e. is described by all of the above statements.

A

e. is described by all of the above statements.

23
Q

Transmission of vibrations (sound waves) from the tympanic membrane to the oval window is accomplished by…

a. neurons
b. the tectorial membrane
c. the auditory ossicles
d. the endolymph
e. the auditory (eustachian) tube

A

c. the auditory ossicles.

24
Q

Match the following:

……….. focuses light rays onto the retina

A

lens

25
Q

Match the following:

………. regulates the amount of light entering the eye.

A

iris

26
Q

Match the following:

………. contains aqueous humor

A

anterior cavity

27
Q

Match the following:

………. contains blood vessels that help nourish the retina

A

choroid

28
Q

Match the following:

………. hole in the middle of the iris

A

pupil

29
Q

Match the following:

………. dense connective tissue that provides shape to the eye.

A

sclera

30
Q

Match the following:

………. contains photoreceptors

A

retina

31
Q

Which of the following structures refracts light rays entering the eye?

a. cornea
b. sclera
c. pupil
d. retina
e. conjunctiva

A

a. cornea

32
Q

Your 45-year-old neighbor has recently begun to have difficulty reading the morning newspaper. You explain that this condition is known as ………. and is due to ……….

a. myopia - inability of his eyes to properly focus light on his retinas.
b. night blindness - a vitamin A deficiency.
c. binocular vision - the eyes focusing on two different objects.
d. astigmatism - an irregularity in the curvature of the lens.
e. presbyopia - the loss of elasticity in the lens.

A

e. presbyopia - the loss of elasticity in the lens.

33
Q

Damage to cells in the fovea centralis would interfere with…

a. convergence
b. accommodation
c. visual acuity
d. ability to see in dim light
e. intraocular pressure

A

c. visual acuity

34
Q

Place the following events concerning the visual pathway in the correct order:

  1. Nerve impulses exit the eye via the optic nerve.
  2. Optic tract axons terminate in the thalamus.
  3. Light reaches the retina.
  4. Rods and cones are stimulated.
  5. Synapses occur in the thalamus and continue to the primary visual area in the occipital lobe.
  6. Ganglion cells generate nerve impulses.

a. 4, 1, 2, 5, 6, 3
b. 5, 4, 1, 3, 2, 6
c. 3, 4, 6, 1, 5, 2
d. 3, 4, 6, 1, 2, 5
e. 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2

A

d. 3, 4, 6, 1, 2, 5

35
Q

Place the following events of the auditory pathway in the correct order:

  1. hair cells in the spiral organ bend as they rub agains the tectorial membrane.
  2. movement in the oval window begins movement in the perilymph.
  3. nerve impulses exit the ear via the vestibulocochlear nerve.
  4. the eardrum and auditory ossicles transmit vibrations from sound waves.
  5. pressure waves from the perilymph cause bulging of the round window and formation of pressure waves in the endolymph.

a. 4, 2, 5, 1, 3
b. 4, 5, 2, 3, 1
c. 5, 3, 2, 4, 1
d. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2
e. 2, 4, 1, 5, 3

A

a. 4, 2, 5, 1, 3

Medicin: frågor i boken (9 decks)

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