Chapter 12 Respiratory System

Question 1

Describe vesicular breath sounds

Answer 1

• low to medium pitch soft whooshing sound
• inspiration 2-3 times the length of expiration

Question 2

describe bronchovesicular breath sounds

Answer 2

-moderate to high pitch with a hollow muffled quality
- equal time of inspiration and expiration

Question 3

describe bronchial breath sounds

Answer 3

• high pitch with loud harsh tubular quality
• inspiration half as long as the expiration

Question 4

what are some factors that can cause respiratory disorders?

Answer 4

• aging, smoking, hobbies
• allergies, vaccinations
• travel, occupational exposure
• trauma, disease, perfusion, emboli
• harmful substances in the environment
  disorders of the heart and blood vessels

Question 5

what are some factors that increase the risk for respiratory infection?

Answer 5

• older than 65 years old
• cigarette smoking
• residing in extended care facilities
• chronic renal disease, congenital or chronic cardiovascular disorders
• chronic respiratory disorders

Question 6

what condition do you see thick, tenacious, and “ropey” difficult to cough up sputum?

Answer 6

• chronic bronchitis, emphysema

Question 7

what condition do you see scanty, sticky rust-colored sputum?

Answer 7

-pneumonia

Question 8

what condition do you see frothy, pinkish, or blood tinged sputum?

Answer 8

• pulmonary edema

Question 9

what condition do you see yellow, yellow-green, or grayish-yellow, with foul odor or taste?

Answer 9

• pulmonary infection

Question 10

what condition do you see very thick and viscous sputum?

Answer 10

• inadequate hydration

Question 11

what condition do you find scanty sputum?

Answer 11

• asthma

Question 12

what condition do you find blood-tinged, bloody, or bloody streaked sputum?

Answer 12

• tuberculosis

Question 13

what are some common respiratory patient care problems?

Answer 13

• airway maintenance
• altered breathing patterns like dyspnea, hypocapnia, hypercapnia, respiratory failure
• the risk of infection
• fatigue, alterations in nutrition, hydration

Question 14

what are some elder care points ?

Answer 14

• elderly should not be exposed to children with cough/colds
• elderly who stay home often do not have the immunity to common viruses that younger more social ppl do
• elderly encourage to receive annual influenza and pneumococcal vaccines

Question 15

what is hypoxia?

Answer 15

• deficiency in amount of oxygen reaching the tissue

Question 16

symptoms of hypoxia ?

Answer 16

• restlessness
• anxiety
• tachycardia, tachypnea
• bradycardia
• dyspnea

Question 17

what may help with a px who has difficulty with airway clearance?

Answer 17

• coughing effectively
• proper rest
• pain control
• ensure proper fluid status
• prevent infection
• proper positioning (high fowlers or shoulders hunched

Question 18

what do you look for in respiratory assessments?

Answer 18

• RR
• lung sounds
• assess cough, sputum
• LOC
• skin/color

Question 19

what are some diagnostic tests used for respiratory disorders?

Answer 19

• CBC
• ABG
• sputum
• chest x-ray
• pulse ox
• pulmonary function tests
• bronchoscopy, Thoracentesis

Question 20

what should not be taken immediately after cough syrup?

Answer 20

-water

Question 21

what is the best position for a px with dyspnea?

Answer 21

high fowlers

Question 22

anorexia is common in px with what kind of disorder? why?

Answer 22

• respiratory disorders
• px may have impaired sense of taste or smell, have nausea
• an increased effort to breathe leads them to have difficulty maintaining weight

Question 23

what are some abnormal respiratory patterns

Answer 23

• biot
• cheyne-stokes
• kussmaul
• apneustic