Chapter 12 - Respiration Flashcards
What are the features of aerobic respiration
- Uses oxygen
- More efficient (more atp per molecule of glucose
- complete breakdown of glucose to form CO2
- Slow release of energy
What are the features of anaerobic respiration
- Doesn’t use oxygen
- Less efficient
- Incomplete breakdown of glucose and therefore harmful waste products (lactic acidosis in animals and bacteria, ethanol in plants and yeast)
- Faster release of energy
What are the processes in aerobic respiration
- Glycolysis
- Link reaction
- Krebs cycle
- Oxidative phosphorylation
What are the processes in anaerobic respiration
- Only glycolysis
What is the equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen = CO2 + water + energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + H2O + energy
Where does glycolysis take place in aerobic respiration
Cytoplasm
Also draw out glycolysis diagram and write out process
Draw and write out process of link reaction
In folder
Draw and write out process of Krebs cycle
In folder
Draw and write out process of oxidative phosphorylation
In folder
Draw and write out process of glycolysis for anaerobic respiration
In folder
What are the 2 reasons that anaerobic glycolysis is less efficient (produces less ATP) than aerobic
- Products (lactate and ethanol) have not totally respires, so still have chemical energy that hasn’t been used to make ATP
- There’s no oxygen as a final electron acceptor, so no link reaction, Krebs cycle or oxidative phosphorylation
Why is it that chemical energy is not necessarily wasted
It is possible to recycle lactate in to pyruvate so that pyruvate can be used again eg in Krebs cycle
What is meant by a respiratory substrate
Any biological molecule that can be respired to release energy
Eg carbs lipids proteins
Draw respiration equation for respiratory substrate
Respiratory substrate + O2 = H2O + CO2 + Energy
In a respiration equation what is energy
ADP + Pi = ATP
How is glucose broken down as a respiratory substrate
Glycolysis Link reaction Produces acetyl coenzyme A Used in Krebs cycle Oxidative phosphorylation
How are triglycerides and amino acids broken down as a respiratory substrate
Don’t have to know processes
Will then produce acetyl coenzyme A
Used in Krebs cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
What is the purpose of mitochondia
It is the site of aerobic respiration in a eukaryote
Draw, label and write notes on mitochondria
- Mitochondrial loop of DNA
- Outer membrane
- Inner membrane
- Matrix - Site of kink reaction and Krebs cycle
- Cristae - Fold in inner membrane, to increase surface area for oxidative phosphorylation
What is the respiratory quotient
A value that is a measure of the ratio of carbon dioxide produced and oxygen consumed by an organism per unit of time
What is the formula for the respiratory quotent
RQ per unit of time = Volume of CO2 produced/volume of oxygen consumed
What is an example of a respiratory quotent equation
Aerobic respiration of glucose
6 CO2 are produced and 6 O2 are consumed, therefore RQ = 1
What are the RQ values for glucose, fatty acids and proteins as respiratory substrates
Glucose = 1
Fatty acid = 0.7
Protein = 0.9
