chapter 12: reproductive system (men) Flashcards
aspermia
fluid released during ejaculation that is watery and lacks sperm; sign of infertility
azoospermia
absence of living sperm in semen; sign of infertility
balanorrhea
abnormal condition of discharge from the glans; symptom of STI called gonorrhea
chancres
small ulcers on the skin or mucous membranes; may diagnose syphilis
oligospermia
abnormally low sperm count; sign of infertility
papillomas
wart-like lesions (genital warts) on the skin and mucous membranes; sign of human papillomavirus (HPV)
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate gland; sign of BPH or prostate cancer
prostatorrhea
abnormal discharge from prostate gland
testalgia
condition of testicular pain; also orchialgia, orchidalgia
urethritis
inflammation of urethra; irritation of urethra from STI or UTI
andropathy
disease afflicting only males
anorchism
absence of one or both testes; also called anorchidism
balanitis
inflammation of the glans penis
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
condition of enlarged prostate gland in males older than 50; also called benign prostatic hypertrophy
cryptorchidism
condition of an undescended testis; also called cryptorchism
epididymitis
inflammation of epididymis
orchiepididymitis
condition in which both the epididymis and one or both testes are inflamed
orchitis
condition in which one or both testes are inflamed
erectile dysfunction
inability to achieve an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse; also known as impotence
hydrocele
swelling of the scrotum caused by fluid accumulation; often caused by injury
Peyronie disease
hardness, or induration, of the erectile tissue within the penis; cause erectile dysfunction
phimosis
congenital narrowing of the prepuce opening; interferes with urination, corrected by removal of prepuce in circumcision
paraphimosis
strangulation of the glans penis; surgically corrected immediately to avoid complications
priapism
abnormally persistent erection of the penis; accompanied by pain and tenderness, caused by drug overdose
prostate cancer
a form of cancer in the prostate; also known as prostatic carcinoma; increases size of prostate before it spreads into pelvic region and beyond
testicular carcinoma
cancer originating from the testis; 20-40 year old age group; also called seminoma
testicular torsion
condition in which spermatic cord becomes twisted, causing aa reduced blood flow to testis; if not corrected within a few hours by surgery the affected testicular tissues can die
varicocele
herniation of veins within spermatic cord; caused by failure of valves within veins, allowing blood to pool and dilate the veins
anti-impotence therapy
collection of therapies that address erectile dysfunction; most popular is Viagra, or less popular is penile implant
balanoplasty
surgical repair of the glans penis
circumcision
common, routine procedure in many parts of the world is the removal of prepuce
digital rectal examination (DRE)
physical exam that involves the insertion of a finger into rectum to feel the size and shape of the prostate gland through the wall of rectum; screen patient for BPH and prostate cancer
hydrocelectomy
surgical removal of a hydrocele
orchiectomy
surgical removal of a testis; also known as orchidectomy; may be required to treat testicular carcinoma
bilateral orchidectomy
bilateral surgical removal of testes; also known as castration
orchidopexy
surgical fixation of a testis is sometimes required to draw an undescended testis into the scrotum; also known as orchiopexy
orchioplasty
surgical repair of testis; also known as orchioplasty
orchidotomy
incision in the testis; also called orchiotomy; also known as orchiotomy
penile implant
surgical insertion of prosthesis, or artificial device, to correct erectile dysfunction; includes semirigid rods and inflatable balloon-like cylinders
prostatectomy
surgical removal of the prostate gland; treatment for BPH and prostate cancer
suprapubic prostatectomy
prostate gland is removed through an abdominal incision made above the pubic bone and a second incision through the urinary bladder wall
prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
clinical test that measures levels of the protein prostate-specific antigen in blood; elevated levels suggest possible presence of prostate cancer and indicate need for additional tests
Transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)
procedure involving removal of prostate tissue to treat BPH; scraping of urethral section of prostate tissue using a resectoscope
urology
department within hospital or clinic that treat urinary tract problems in both sexes
urologist
physician who treats disorders of urinary system
sterile
inability to produce offspring
vasectomy
elective sterilization procedure in which the vas deferens is severed to block the flow of sperm during ejaculation; doesn’t affect ejaculation or sexual pleasure
vasovasostomy
surgery to reverse a vasectomy; temporary creation of artificial openings and reconnection of the severed ends of the vas deferens to restore fertility
vesiculectomy
remove the seminal vesicles
