Chapter 12 - Planning Public Speaking Flashcards
What are the foundations of reflective public speaking?
- Selecting and limiting topics
- Defining a general purpose and a specific purpose
- Developing a thesis statement
After reading chapter 12-16 what should you be able to do?
Plan, develop, and present an effective speech
Who is James Winans?
A distinguished professor of communication
A well crafted speech begins with what?
A limited topic, a clear purpose, and a concise thesis statement that listeners can grasp quickly and retain.
What should you consider when choosing a topic?
- Select a topic that matters to you.
- Select a topic appropriate to the speaking occasion.
- Select a topic appropriate to your audience.
- Narrow your topic
What is a mind map?
A holistic record of information on a topic, which many visual thinkers prefer to an outline.
How do you define the general purposes of speaking?
- Informing
- Persuading
- Entertaining
What is the purpose of informative speeches?
Speaking to define, instruct, explain, clarify, demonstrate, teach, or train
What is the purpose of a persuasive speech?
Speaking to influence attitudes, beliefs, or actions; to convince, motivate to action, inspire, or sell.
What is the purpose of entertaining speeches?
Speaking to create interest, amusement, warm feelings; to celebrate, remember, or acknowledge other or events; to create or fortify ties between people.
What are griots?
African storytellers who tell stories that blend words, song, and dance, and the audience members respond as a chorus.
What condition did the authors classmate Chris have?
He was hemophiliac, so he was using a persuasive speech to convince his classmates they should donate blood.
How do you define the specific purposes of speaking?
The speaker is looking for a behavioral objective or observable response.
Examples:
- I want 25% of listeners to sign up to donate blood.
- I want listeners to know this candidate’s stand on free trade.
What is a thesis statement?
The main idea of an entire speech
What are the steps in planning public speaking?
- Identify the broad topic
- Narrow the topic
- Define a general purpose
- Define a specific purpose
- Develop a thesis statement
How do you analyze your audience?
- Demographic Audience Analysis
2. Situational Audience Analysis
What is demographic audience analysis?
It identifies general features common to a group of listeners.
Includes age, sex, religion, etc.
In what ways is demographic information helpful?
- It helps to adapt speech to your listeners
- Helps prepare speeches that will interest and involve particular listeners
- Helps make inferences about listeners’ likely beliefs, values, and attitudes
- Helps create connections with the listeners.
What is situational audience analysis?
It seeks information about listeners that relates directly to the speaker’s topic and purpose
What three parts make up situational audience analysis?
- Listeners’ orientation toward the topic
- Listeners’ orientation toward the speaker
- Listeners’ orientation toward the speaking occasion.
Story on pages 264-265.
a Democratic senator from Minnesota who died in a plane crash with his family. The new Democratic candidate for elections turned his funeral (on television) into a political rally.
People were so upset that they did not vote for him and he lost the election.
How can someone know what people know, want, think, and believe?
By observation
