chapter 12 Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Carbon compounds
a. are mostly electrolytes
b. usually have slow reaction rates
c. rapidly oxidize in air
d. tend to be stable at high temperatures
B. usually have slow reaction rates
the simplest organic compounds are the A. hydorcarbons B. lipids C. carbohydrates D. monosaccharides
A. hyrocarbons
Natural gas and petroleum consist mainly of A. unsaturated hydrocarbons B. aromatic hydrocarbons C. alkanes D. aldehydes and ketones
C. Alkanes
Catalytic cracking and polymerization are two methods used to increase the yeild of A. naphtha B. pentane C. gasoline D. alcohol
C. gasoline
Benzne is an example of A. an aliphatic compound B. a functional group C. a polymer D. an aromatic compound
D. an aromatic compund
Vinyls, Styrofoam, Plexiglas, and Teflon are example of A. monomers B. polymers C. polyesters D. polysaccharides
B. polymers
Sugar and starches are example of A. lipids B. carbohydrates C. proteins D. nucleic acids
B. carbohydrates
The catalyst for photosynthesis is A. DNA B. cholesterol C. cellulose D. chlorophyll
D. chlorophyll
Fat molecules consist of three fatty acid molecules attached to A. a benzene ring B. an amino acid C. an alcohol molecule D. a glycerol molecule
D. a glycerol molecule
The organic molecule that can replicate itself is A. DNA B. an amino acid C. acetaldehyde D. ethylene glycol
A. DNA
T/F
Carbon compounds are produced only by plants and animals
False
T/F
A structural formula shows how many atoms of each kind are present and how these atoms are linked together
True
T/F
The number of bonds an atom forms in an organic compound is the same as the number of electrons it has to gain to lose to achieve a close outer shell.
True
T/F
Isomers of compound have the same molecular formula also have the same set of physical and chemical properties.
False Isomers have different properties both physical and chemical
T/F
The process of the oxidation of glucose is the reverse of photosynthesis
True
T/F
unsaturated fats are normally solids at room temperature.
False usually liquids
T/F
Proteins consist of long chain of simple sugar units
False long chains of amino acids
T/F
The human body can synthesize all the 20 amino acids required to make human proteins.
False human body can only synthesize some of the 20 amino acids
T/F
The nitrogen bases in RNA are uracil, adenine, quanine, and cytosine.
True
T/F
The sequence of nitrogen bases in a DNA molecule represents the genetic code for a specific organism.
true
– chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds
Organic
– are the simplest group of carbon compounds because they contain only carbon and hydrogen
Hydrocarbons
– are organic compounds that have the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas and properties.
Isomers
– compounds are able to add other atoms to their molecules; – compounds cannot add other atoms to their molecules.
Unsaturated, Saturated
– compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more benzene rings; –compounds are organic compounds that do not contain bezene rings.
Aromatic, Alphatic
Alcohols react with acids to form–
esters
A(n)– group is a group of atoms whose presence in an organic compound largely determines its chemical behavior.
functional
A(n)– is a long chain of simple molecules chemically linked together.
polymer
– material softens and can be shaped when heated but becomes rigid again upon cooling.
Thermoplastic
A(n) – is a compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen whose ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 2:1.
carohydrate
–are biological molecules that include fats, oils, and waxes.
Lipids
In a(n)–, amino acids are linked by peptide bonds.
protein
Nucleic acids consist of long chains of units called–
nucleotides
– controls the development and functioning of cells by determining the proteins cell make.
DNA
The set of instructions for each protein is called a(n)–
gene
