Ch 8- The Atom

Question 1

the emission of electrons from a metal surface when light shines on it

Answer 1

Photoelectric effect

Question 2

who developed the quantum theory of light

Answer 2

Albert Einstein

Question 3

Einstein’s quantum theory of light was based on a hypothesis suggested by the German physicist

Answer 3

Max Planck

Question 4

light emitted by a hot object is given off in discrete units

Answer 4

quanta

Question 5

the equation that shows all the quanta associated with a particular frequency of light have the same energy

Answer 5

E=hf

Question 6

Planck’s constant

Answer 6

6.63x10-34Jpersec

Question 7

equation for photoelectric effect is

Answer 7

hf=KE+w

Question 8

who discovered the X-ray

Answer 8

Wilhelm Roentgen

Question 9

Louis de Broglie proposed that moving objects behave like waves

Answer 9

matter waves

Question 10

the quantity that varies in a matter wave is called

Answer 10

wave function

Question 11

the square of the wave function is called

Answer 11

the probability density

Question 12

the principle that states that it Is impossible to know both the exact position and momentum of a partible at the same time

Answer 12

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

Question 13

an instrument that disperses the light emitted by an excited gas into the different frequencies the light contains

Answer 13

spectroscope

Question 14

spectrum that consists of all frequencies of light given off by an excited substance

Answer 14

emission spectrum

Question 15

consists of the various frequencies absorbed by a substance when white light is passed through it

Answer 15

absorption spectrum

Question 16

frequencies in the spectrum of an element fall into sets called

Answer 16

spectral series

Question 17

an atom having the lowest possible energy is in its

Answer 17

ground state

Question 18

an atom that has absorbed energy is an

Answer 18

excited state

Question 19

excited states with relatively long lifetimes

Answer 19

metastable states

Question 20

n governs the electron’s energy and average distance from the nucleus

Answer 20

principle quantum number

Question 21

l determines the magnitude of an atomic electron’s angular momentum

Answer 21

orbital quantum number

Question 22

m1 specifies the direction of an atomic electron’s angular momentum

Answer 22

magnetic quantum number

Question 23

m8 of an atomic electron has two possible values +1/2 or -1/2, depending on whether the electron aligns itself along a magnetic field or opposite to the field

Answer 23

spin magnetic quantum number

Question 24

states that only one electron in an atom can exist in a given quantum state

Answer 24

exclusion principle