Chapter 12- Mitosis

Question 1

What are the functions of cell division?

Answer 1

The ability of organisms to reproduce

Continuity of life depends on cell division

Growth, repair and development from fertilized cells are reasons for cell division

Question 2

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 2

Interphase; Cell growth and copying of chromosomes in preparation for cell division occurs

Mitosis: Process of cell division, contains prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase/cytokinesis

Question 3

What are the stages of mitosis?

Answer 3

Prophase: Assembly of spindle microtubules begins in centrosome, centrosome replicates

Prometaphase: Some spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes and begin to move the chromosomes

Metaphase: The chromosomes are all lined up at the metaphase plate, midway point between the two spindle poles

Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate and donate kinetochore microtubules toward opposite ends of the cell

Telophase: Genetically identical daughter nuclei form at opposite ends of the cell

Cytokinesis: Forming a cleavage furrow

Question 4

What is cellular division in prokaryotic cells by binary fission?

Answer 4

Prokaryotes reproduce by a type of cell division called binary fission, the chromosome’s replicate and the two daughter chromosomes actively move apart

Mitosis probably evolved from binary fission

Question 5

What are checkpoint molecules?

Answer 5

G1 checkpoint is the most important, without checkpoints the cell would not know whether to move on or not

Cell receives a go ahead signal from G1 and then it is likely to complete the S, G2 and M phases and divide