chapter 1.2 manifestation of cold war Flashcards
name the 8 events leading to heightened tensions from 1945 to 1947
Iran, March 1947
George Kennan’s long telegram, FEb 1946
Developments in eastern europe 1945 to 1947
Winston churchill’s Iron Curtain speech, March 1946
Failure of the Baruch plan 1946
Turkey, 1946
Greece, 1944
Britain’s postwar difficulties
What occured in Iran in March 1946
The british originally dominated Iran to exploit its oil. To prevent Germany to obtain oil from there, USSR and Britain jointly occupied Iran. However, when it was time to depart, Britain withdrew but the red army did not.
What information was most important in the George’s Kennan’s long telegram
Said that
- USSR did not believe that peaceful coexistence was possible between the capitalist and communist world
- Soviets were dangerous and hostile
- containment policy was the only way to deal with the USSR
What information was included in Winston churchill’s Iron curtain speech?
It talked about the separation of Europe into two spheres of influence AND confirmed Stalin’s suspicions of western hostility towards the USSR
What led to the failure of the Baruch plan in 1946?
The Baruch plan recommended the opening of International Atomic Agency (IAEA) run by the united nations. It would control all atomic plans uranium deposits to be used for peaceful purposes only. However, USA would be left with the right to manufacture its own atomic bombs. (Not ussr)
what happened in Greece 1944
There was a civil war in Greece between the monarchy and communists. However, stalin chose not to give the Greeks any support as they believe that Greece belonged to the west. The americans assumed that the communists took orders from Moscow.
Give the date and significance of Truman’a doctrine
12 March 1947. It marked the change from foreign policy from isolationism to containment. USA would commit itself to military obligations to foreign countries during peacetime.
Give the date and details of Marshall plan
5 June 1947. It was aimed to revive the economies of Europe through grants and loans to create economic and political stability. Truman believed that countries in poverty saw communism to be more attractive. It cost the USA 13 billion dollars.
Evidence to suggest the success of the Marshall plan
By 1952, Europe’s industrial production had risen to 35% of pre-war levels.
When was NATO formed and why
4 april 1949. In June 1948, the berlin blockade occured and made the west more wary of soviet intentions. The military alliance was needed to ensure that Europe had the confidence that their defence was secure so that they can prosper economically.
