Chapter 12: Manchu China and Tokugawa Japan Flashcards
Kangxi
Commissioned an encyclopedia with as much current knowledge possible from the Ming dynasty onward
- Advocate of the arts and literacy
- Deeply concerned with maintaining his Manchu heritage
- Encyclopedia consisted of over 5,000 volumes
- Also commissioned a Chinese language dictionary
- Negotiated the Treaty of Nerchinsk with Russia
- China’s first significant engagement with a Western power
Qianlong
Similar to his grandfather Kangxi
- Mimicked his grandfather’s administrative and patronage model for government
- Also commissioned a collection of literary works to honor his grandfather, as well as lay his own legacy
- Over 36,000 volumes
- More aggressive than Kangxi
- Finally ridded of the Mongols power by the 1750’s
- Converted some Mongols to Buddhism
He Shen
Corrupt official who would take over Qianlong
- Took over as Qianlong’s term as emperor was over
- Because of his status, He Shen was able to lucratively get a lot of money
- Planned to ake over the dynasty
- Showed how weak the government system was by not establishing a person on the throne
HMS Nemesis
Prominent during the Opium Wars. The Nemesis was used against the Chinese after their involvment in the opium trade
daimyo
- Feudal lords who ruled in Japan and had control of the land outside of Kyoto
- Had their own armies and forts/castles
- Constantly in conflict
- Fighting comes to an end because of Oda, Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa
Edo
City where the daimyo under the Tokugawa shogunate would conduct business
- Major center of the national trade system in Japan
- Also a major port
- Daimyo lords would leave their families in Edo as “hostages” while they did their business back in their land
- sankin kotai (alternate residence system)
- Also saw a cultural surge because of the traveling daimyo and their families
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s leading vassal-allies
- Would initiate the “Sword Hunt”
- The collection of swords or blades from non-samurai in hopes to supress any future revolts
- Reestablished rigid class lines
- Captured Osaka castle solidfying his power as Hideyoshi’s successor
sankin kotai
(“Alternate residence system”)
- This system had daimyo’s families live in Edo while the daimyo conducted his business in his domain (han)
- Families were kept as “hostages”
Hokusai
Japanese (Tokugawa) woodblock printmaker
- Printmaker who became very popular for his designs in Japan as well as Europe
- Would spark “japonaiserie”
- Although these prints were mainly used as waste paper, consumers liked and kept them
- Most famous prints are the: Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji
Commodore Matthew Perry
- American Naval Officer tasked with negotiating with the Shogun to trade as well as demand better treatment of castaways
- Would the power of his fleet to persuade the Shogun
- Japanese would have no choice but to accept
Reverse
Commissioned an encyclopedia with as much current knowledge possible from the Ming dynasty onward
- Advocate of the arts and literacy
- Deeply concerned with maintaining his Manchu heritage
- Encyclopedia consisted of over 5,000 volumes
- Also commissioned a Chinese language dictionary
- Negotiated the Treaty of Nerchinsk with Russia
- China’s first significant engagement with a Western power
Kangxi
Reverse
Similar to his grandfather Kangxi
- Mimicked his grandfather’s administrative and patronage model for government
- Also commissioned a collection of literary works to honor his grandfather, as well as lay his own legacy
- Over 36,000 volumes
- More aggressive than Kangxi
- Finally ridded of the Mongols power by the 1750’s
- Converted some Mongols to buddhism
Qianlong
Reverse
Corrupt official who would take over Qianlong
- Took over as Qianlong’s term as emperor was over
- Because of his status, He Shen was able to lucratively get a lot of money
- Planned to ake over the dynasty
- Showed how weak the government system was by not establishing a person on the throne
He Shen
Reverse
Prominent during the Opium Wars. The Nemesis was used against the Chinese after their involvment in the opium trade
HMS Nemesis
Reverse
- Feudal lords who ruled in Japan and had control of the land outside of Kyoto
- Had their own armies and forts/castles
- Constantly in conflict
- Fighting comes to an end because of Oda, Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa
daimyo
