Chapter 12- Language skills in adolescents and adults

Question 1

_____ and _____ skills especially continue to grow.

Answer 1

vocabulary ; pragmatics

Question 2

True or False.

Cognitive growth continues throughout life.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

there is a slow ____ in language comprehension, understanding syntactically complex sentences, and inferencing

Answer 3

decline

Question 4

After what age will a child exposed to a second language will have an accent?

Answer 4

8 yrs

Question 5

Fluent bilingualism has great ____ and ____ benefits for both children and adults

Answer 5

linguistic ; cognitive

Question 6

Research in Canada (Ellen Bialystok) showed :

Answer 6

bilingual adults (French and English) had 5-7 years later onset of dementia than monolingual adults

Question 7

In adolescent, by what gender does pleasure reading decrease ?

Answer 7

boys

Question 8

The biggest change in adolescents and adults is in ______ _____.

Answer 8

executive function

Question 9

Define executive function

Answer 9

the ability to engage actively with print and to read and write with purpose

Question 10

Posnick-Goodwin (2015). The great divide: Print or digital? California Educator, 19(7), 3 7-39.

what did the study look at?

Answer 10

Looked at the preferences of current students and research about digital vs. print books

Question 11

Posnick-Goodwin, 2015:

Answer 11

• current middle school students said that they preferred print to digital books
• recent survey for college students most prefer print to digital
• students feel: retain more w/print; very distracted reading digitally

Question 12

what does early exposure to a second language lead better to?

Answer 12

judgments of grammatical correctness

Question 13

what kind of benefits does fluent bilingualism have for both children and adults?

Answer 13

linguistic and cognitive benefits

Question 14

Research in Canada (Elllen Bialystok) showed:

Answer 14

Bilingual adults (French and English) had 5-7 years later onset of dementia than monolingual adults

Question 15

especially for boys when may pleasure reading decline?

Answer 15

adolescence

Question 16

what is the biggest change in adolescents and adults?

Answer 16

executive function

Question 17

define executive function

Answer 17

the ability to engage actively with print and to read and write with purpose

Question 18

Posnick-Goodwin, 2015:

Answer 18

• current middle school kids preferred print to digital books
• recent survey of college students most prefer print to digital
• students feel: retain more w/print very distracted reading digitally

Question 19

Jantz, 2012:

There are __ million FB users worldwide, or __ out of every __ people on earth

Answer 19

500 ; 1 ; 13

Question 20

Jantz, 2012:

Many FB users spend __ hours a month logged on to FB

Answer 20

24

Question 21

Instagram:

___ million active monthly users

Answer 21

300

Question 22

Instagram:

___ million U.S. Instagram users in 2015

Answer 22

77.6

Question 23

We use our smartphones to carry out ___ tasks every day

Answer 23

221

Question 24

Many of us pick up our phones more than ___ times each week

Answer 24

1,500

Question 25

Average owners use their phone for __ hours and __ minutes a day

Answer 25

3 hours 16 minutes

Question 26

Gold, 2015: Once children hit the tween years (10-12), they spend over __ hours a day texting?

Answer 26

1

Question 27

The average teen (13-17 yrs) spends ___ texts a month

Answer 27

3,339

Question 28

15-18 year olds spend __ hours a day with digital technology

Answer 28

8

Question 29

__% of teens use social networking sites

Answer 29

80

Question 30

define expository monologues

Answer 30

speaker is teaching information to others

Question 31

Children, adolscents, and adults use what kind of syntactic complexity during expository monologues than in regular conversation?

Answer 31

greater

Question 32

There is an ____ in use of bridging devices to provide continuity.

Answer 32

increase

Question 33

As you get older the use of ___ clauses increases.

Answer 33

dependent

Question 34

Define adverbial disjuncts

Answer 34

comment on the speaker's attitude toward the content of the connected sentence. Think: HONESTLY

Question 35

Adverbial conjuncts: more common in ___ than ___

Answer 35

literature ; conversation

Question 36

Adverbial conjuncts: ___ and ___ devices signaling a logical relationship between sentences

Answer 36

cohesive ; connective

Question 37

examples of adverbial conjuncts:

Answer 37

"To conclude, as a result of, nevertheless"

Question 38

Ability to define idioms ___ w/ age

Answer 38

increases

Question 39

Some older people may have increase difficulties in ?

Answer 39

word retrieval and naming

Question 40

What is the indefinite word many older people use in place of specific names

Answer 40

thing

Question 41

___ decrease in working memory

Answer 41

reflects

Question 42

True or False. Teen utterances are contingent (related to what was just said)

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Adults use ____ ___: this utterance includes some aspect of the preceding utterance but shifts the focus of concern.

Answer 43

topic shading

Question 44

True or False. Narratives: "Older adults: MORE accurate in answering questions about a narrative they have just heard or retold.

Answer 44

FALSE; less

Question 45

True or False. Narratives: "Possibly due to decline in working memory"

Answer 45

True

Question 46

Narratives of seniors have more words, but contain more ___ content.

Answer 46

irrelevant

Question 47

Speaking style: What kind of speech do older adults use?

Answer 47

clear speech

Question 48

Define clear speech

Answer 48

listener oriented and used on formal occassions

Question 49

Give examples of clear speech (older adults)

Answer 49

slower, more pauses, greater pitch range, more precise articulation)

Question 50

True or False. Men use more polite words like please, thank you.

Answer 50

False; women

Question 51

Men talk more in public and less at __ .

Answer 51

home

Question 52

Men tend to lecture , while women view themselves as _____ facilitators

Answer 52

conversation

Question 53

Adult listeners are more likely to interrupt a ____ than a ___.

Answer 53

woman ; man

Question 54

Among men, conversations are rarely about ?

Answer 54

personal feelings

Question 55

what kind of opportunities do men see conversation as ?

Answer 55

debate or conversation

Question 56

women see conversations as a way to ___ .

Answer 56

share