Chapter 12 Key Vocabs

Question 1

Adenoids

Answer 1

Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; also called pharyngeal tonsils

Question 2

Alveolus (plural: Alveoli)

Answer 2

Air sac in the lungs

Question 3

Apex of the lung

Answer 3

1. Tip or uppermost portion of the lung
2. Apex = references a tip of a structure
3. DIFFERENT FROM HEART –> APEX of HEART = BOTTOM of the heart

Question 4

Base of the lung

Answer 4

The lower portion of the lung

Question 5

Bronchioles

Answer 5

1. The smallest branches of the bronchi

2. Terminal bronchioles lead to the alveolar ducts

Question 6

Bronchus (plural: bronchi)

Answer 6

The branch of the trachea (windpipe) that is a passage way into the lung; bronchi tube

Question 7

Carbon dioxide

Answer 7

Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhale through the lungs

Question 8

Cilia

Answer 8

1. Thin hairs attached to mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract
2. They clear bacteria and foreign substances from lung
3. Cigarette impairs the function of cilia

Question 9

Diaphragm

Answer 9

1. Muscle that separates the chest and abdomen
2. Contracts to pull air into lungs (inhalation, inspiration)
3. Relates to push air out (exhalation, expiration)

Question 10

Epiglottis

Answer 10

1. Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx

2. Prevents food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing

Question 11

Expiration

Answer 11

Breathing out (exhalation)

Question 12

Glottis

Answer 12

Slit-like opening to the larynx

Question 13

Hilum of the lung

Answer 13

Midline region where bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs.

Question 14

Inspiration

Answer 14

Breathing in (inhalation)

Question 15

Larynx

Answer 15

Voice box; contains the vocal cords

Question 16

Lobe

Answer 16

Division of a lung

Question 17

Mediastinum

Answer 17

1. The region between the lungs in the chest cavity

2. It contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

Question 18

Nares

Answer 18

Openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities

Question 19

Oxygen

Answer 19

Gas that makes up 21% of the air; passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells

Question 20

Palatine tonsil

Answer 20

One of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx

Question 21

Paranasal sinus

Answer 21

One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose

Question 22

Parietal pleura

Answer 22

Outer fold of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall

Question 23

Pharynx

Answer 23

The throat; includes the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

Question 24

Pleura

Answer 24

Double-layered membrane surrounding each lung

Question 25

Pleural cavity

Answer 25

Space between the folds of the pleura

Question 26

Pulmonary parenchyma (!!!)

Answer 26

Essential part of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli

Question 27

Respiration

Answer 27

The process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing

Question 28

Trachea

Answer 28

Windpipe

Question 29

Visceral pleura

Answer 29

Inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue