Chapter 12 Important Slides

Question 1

What is respiration?

Answer 1

Process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing

Question 2

What happens at the external respiration?

Answer 2

Exchange of air in lung capillaries. Oxygen gets inhaled into the air sacs of the lungs and passes through capillaries. CO2 passes from capillaries to air sac to be exhaled.

Question 3

What happens in internal respiration?

Answer 3

1. Exchange of gases in the cells
2. Occurs simultaneously between cells and capillaries
3. Oxygen passes out the bloodstream into the tissues
4. CO2 passes out the tissues back into the bloodstream to travel to the lungs

Question 4

What is the primary function of the nose?

Answer 4

1. Air enters
2. Exchanges air during inhaling and exhaling.
3. Warms, moisturizes, and filters inhaled air

Question 5

What is the opening though the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities?

Answer 5

Nares

Question 6

The gas that makes up 21% of the air?

Answer 6

Oxygen

Question 7

What is the nasal cavity?

Answer 7

1. Lined with mucous membrane and fine hairs to help filter out foreign bodies
2. Warm and moisten the air

Question 8

One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose is called…?

Answer 8

Paranasal sinus

Question 9

What is the pharynx?

Answer 9

The thorat

Question 10

The pharynx is divided into 3 parts, what are they?

Answer 10

1. Nasopharynx
2. Oropharynx
3. Larngopharynx

Question 11

What does the nasopharynx contain?

Answer 11

Contains the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids

Question 12

What are adenoids?

Answer 12

Collection of lymphatic tissue

Question 13

What is pharyngeal tonsil?

Answer 13

1. Also called the adenoid

2. Lymphatic tissue on the posterior wall of the naspharynx

Question 14

What is the oropharynx?

Answer 14

The second division of the pharynx. Contains the palatine tonsils.

Question 15

What is the laryngopharynx?

Answer 15

The third division of the pharynx, serves as a common passageway for food from the mouth and air from the nose.

Question 16

What structures does the laryngopharynx divide into?

Answer 16

1. Larynx

2. Esophagus

Question 17

What is the larynx?

Answer 17

Voice box. Contains the vocal cords.

Question 18

What is the esophagus?

Answer 18

It leads into the stomach and carries food to be digested

Question 19

What is the epiglottis?

Answer 19

Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing.

Question 20

What is the trachea?

Answer 20

Windpipe

Question 21

What is the mediastinum?

Answer 21

The space in the center of the chest where trachea divides into two branches.

Question 22

What does the mediastinum contain?

Answer 22

1. Trachea
2. Heart
3. Lymph node
4. Aorta
5. Esophagus
6. Bronchial tubes

Question 23

What is the bronchial tubes (bronchi)?

Answer 23

Where the trachea divides into two branches - the right and left bronchial tubes that lead into its respective lungs.

Question 24

Which lung is larger?

Answer 24

Right lung

Question 25

How many lobes does each lung have?

Answer 25

Right = 3 lobes

Left = 2 lobes

Question 26

What are bronchioles?

Answer 26

Small bronchial branches

Question 27

What are terminal bronchioles?

Answer 27

Narrows into alveolar ducts which end in collections of air sacs called alveoli

Question 28

What is the alveoli

Answer 28

Air sac in the lungs. It is also where the gas exchange takes place!!

Question 29

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 29

The blood carry oxygen away form the lungs to all the parts of the body, and CO2 back to the lungs for exhalation.

Question 30

What does the diaphragm separate? Landmarks?

Answer 30

1. Separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity

2. Muscle that separates the chest from abdomen