Chapter 12 Exam

Question 1

What are the 4 functions of the paranasal sinuses

Answer 1

Produce mucus
Lighten bones
Help produce sound
Add moisture to the air

Question 2

The respiratory structure that holds the vocal cords is

Answer 2

Larynx

Question 3

What are pulmonary tests

Answer 3

Tests to measure amount of ventilation in the lungs

Question 4

Purpose/why are pulmonary function tests used

Answer 4

Evaluate patients with SOB
Assess lung function before surgery

Question 5

What is the purpose of the pleura

Answer 5

It protects and softens lungs

Question 6

How does the pleura assist in lung movement

Answer 6

Aloes fluid to come in to soften lungs to help them expand

Question 7

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 7

An inherited disease that causes thick, sticky mucus to block airways and increase the risk of lung infections

Question 8

How does cystic fibrosis affect the respiratory system and overall health

Answer 8

Prevents nutrient absorption
No cure
Will need lung transplant
Causes infertility, frequent infections, poor growth/weight gain, cough

Question 9

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 9

Blood clot in lung, can cause some of lung to not expand/allow air in and could cause lack of oxygen which can lead to organ failure

Question 10

Asthma

Answer 10

Narrowing/obstructed airway which can produce a wheezing sound

Question 11

Symptoms of Asthma

Answer 11

Dyspnea
Wheezing
Increased mucus production
Cough

Question 12

Fine crackling sounds heard with inhalation

Answer 12

Rales

Question 13

Pneumonia and effects on alveoli

Answer 13

Infection of air sacs

Alveoli get inflamed and can fill with fluid/pus causing less oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange

Question 14

Whooping cough

Answer 14

Bacterial infection characterized by violent coughing spasms that end in a whooping sound

Question 15

Paranasal sinuses

Answer 15

4 hollow air filled spaces in the bones of the skull surrounding the nasal cavity

Question 16

Sinusitis

Answer 16

Inflammation of paranasal sinuses due to infection or allergic reactions

Question 17

What is in the hemoglobin

Answer 17

Oxygen is carried in

Question 18

Listening to breathing with a stethoscope

Answer 18

Auscultation

Question 19

Wheeze

Answer 19

High pitched whistles produced during breathing

Question 20

Croup/RSV

Answer 20

Acute viral infection of infants or children with obstruction of the larynx accompanied by barking cough and strider

Question 21

RSV is also known as

Answer 21

Croup is also known as

Question 22

Stridor

Answer 22

High pitched sound heard on inhalation caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx

Question 23

Rales

Answer 23

Fine crackling heard when there is fluid in the alveoli

Question 24

Pertussis

Answer 24

-Whooping cough is also known as

-Highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx larynx and trachea characterized by violent and sudden spasms of coughing that ends in a loud whooping inspiration

Question 25

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 25

Inherited genetic disorder caused by gene mutation. Rare about 35,000 Americans Sticky mucus can catch germs and makes infections more likely CF patients are usually small

Question 26

Emphysema

Answer 26

Hyperinflation of air sacs that damage alveoli

Question 27

Normal tidal volume

Answer 27

Normal volume of air exhaled between Norma inhalation and exhalation

Question 28

Respiratory reserve

Answer 28

The maximum amount of additional air that can be drawn into the lungs by determined effort after normal inspiration

Question 29

Expiratory reserve

Answer 29

The additional amount of air that can be expired from the lungs by determined effort after normal expiration

Question 30

Total lung volume

Answer 30

Maximum volume of air the lungs can accommodate or sum of all volume compartments of volume of air in lungs after maximum inspiration

Question 31

Pneumothorax

Answer 31

Air collected in plural cavity causing collapsed lung

Question 32

Atelectasis

Answer 32

Obstruction causing air to not reach part of lung Fluid collection in lungs that leads to lung collapse from something other than an obstruction

Question 33

Pleural effusion

Answer 33

Fluid collects in pleural cavity

Question 34

Pulmonary edema

Answer 34

Fluid collects in air sacs and bronchioles

Question 35

Percussion

Answer 35

Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in density of the underlying structure

Question 36

Rhonchi

Answer 36

Loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum

Question 37

Sputum

Answer 37

Material expelled from the bronchi lungs or upper respiratory tract by spitting