Chapter 12 Deck 7 (Slides 27-34) Flashcards
Both RNA and DNA Both a long chain of _______s
NUCLEOTIDES
DNA is _______ sugar
RNA is ______ sugar
Deoxyribose
Deoxyribose
DNA has ,,, n-bases
RNA has ,,, n-bases
A, T, C, G
A, U, C, G
DNA is ______-stranded
RNA is _____ -stranded
Double
Single
How do genes control your traits? Genes contain information on how to build ____s
_____s give you your traits
proteins
Proteins
_________– changes in the genetic material (DNA) in cells
MUTATION
2 Main Kinds of Mutations:
1) _____ MUTATIONS
2) _______ MUTATIONS
GENE
CHROMOSOMAL
______ MUTATIONS – caused by changes in one nucleotide in the DNA of a gene (usually from DNA replication error – also called a SUBSTITUTION ERROR
POINT
Point mutations Result in a change of 1 ____ _____, which can still mess up the structure and function of entire protein
amino acid
An example of a Point Mutation is a disease called ____-____ ______
Sickle-cell Anemia
_________ MUTATIONS – caused by an insertion or deletion of a nitrogen base in the DNA of a gene
FRAMESHIFT
A frameshift mutation changes ___ amino acids after the inserted or deleted N-base, which causes massive changes to the protein
all
Frameshift mutation changes the ______ FRAME
Reading
An example of Frameshift mutation: __-____ Disease
Tay-Sachs
CHROMSOMAL MUTATIONS result in changes in (1)____
or
(2)______ of an entire chromosome
number
structure
_____ :
is a chromosomal mutation which produces extra copies of part of a chromosome
Duplication
extra copies of genes occurs with a ______ from a HOMOLOGOUS chromosome
deletion
______:
reverses the direction of parts of chromosomes
Inversion – reverses the direction of parts of chromosomes
– reverses the order of some genes
Duplication produces extra copies of genes when there is a ______from a homologous chromosome
deletion
Inversion reverses the _______ of some genes
order
_______– part of a NON-HOMOLOGOUS chromosome breaks off and attaches to another
Translocation
