Chapter 12 Deck 7 (Slides 27-34)

Question 1

Both RNA and DNA Both a long chain of _______s

Answer 1

NUCLEOTIDES

Question 2

DNA is _______ sugar

RNA is ______ sugar

Answer 2

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Question 3

DNA has ,,, n-bases

RNA has ,,, n-bases

Answer 3

A, T, C, G

A, U, C, G

Question 4

DNA is ______-stranded

RNA is _____ -stranded

Answer 4

Double

Single

Question 5

How do genes control your traits? Genes contain information on how to build ____s

_____s give you your traits

Answer 5

proteins

Proteins

Question 6

_________– changes in the genetic material (DNA) in cells

Answer 6

MUTATION

Question 7

2 Main Kinds of Mutations:
1) _____ MUTATIONS

2) _______ MUTATIONS

Answer 7

GENE

CHROMOSOMAL

Question 8

______ MUTATIONS – caused by changes in one nucleotide in the DNA of a gene (usually from DNA replication error – also called a SUBSTITUTION ERROR

Answer 8

POINT

Question 9

Point mutations Result in a change of 1 ____ _____, which can still mess up the structure and function of entire protein

Answer 9

amino acid

Question 10

An example of a Point Mutation is a disease called ____-____ ______

Answer 10

Sickle-cell Anemia

Question 11

_________ MUTATIONS – caused by an insertion or deletion of a nitrogen base in the DNA of a gene

Answer 11

FRAMESHIFT

Question 12

A frameshift mutation changes ___ amino acids after the inserted or deleted N-base, which causes massive changes to the protein

Answer 12

all

Question 13

Frameshift mutation changes the ______ FRAME

Answer 13

Reading

Question 14

An example of Frameshift mutation: __-____ Disease

Answer 14

Tay-Sachs

Question 15

CHROMSOMAL MUTATIONS result in changes in (1)____
or
(2)______ of an entire chromosome

Answer 15

number

structure

Question 16

_____ :

is a chromosomal mutation which produces extra copies of part of a chromosome

Answer 16

Duplication

Question 17

extra copies of genes occurs with a ______ from a HOMOLOGOUS chromosome

Answer 17

deletion

Question 18

______:

reverses the direction of parts of chromosomes

Answer 18

Inversion – reverses the direction of parts of chromosomes

– reverses the order of some genes

Question 19

Duplication produces extra copies of genes when there is a ______from a homologous chromosome

Answer 19

deletion

Question 20

Inversion reverses the _______ of some genes

Answer 20

order

Question 21

_______– part of a NON-HOMOLOGOUS chromosome breaks off and attaches to another

Answer 21

Translocation