Chapter 12

Question 1

Experiment A method of data collection designed to

Answer 1

test hypotheses under controlled conditions.

Question 2

Classic experiment The effect of a stimulus is tested by comparing an

Answer 2

experimental group to a control group.

Question 3

Experimental group The group of participants who receive

Answer 3

the stimulus in an experiment.

Question 4

Control group

Answer 4

The group of participants who do not receive the stimulus in an experiment.

Question 5

Solomon 4 group four groups exist. Two groups are treated as they would be in a classic experiment.

Answer 5

Another group receives the stimulus and is then given the posttest. The remaining group does not receive the stimulus but is given the posttest.

Question 6

Posttest control group participants are assigned to either an experimental or a control group.

Answer 6

Individuals r then measured on some dependent variable following the administration of an experimental stimulus to the experimental group. In theory, as long as the control and experimental groups have been determined randomly, no pretest is needed.

Question 7

Pre-experimental design Experimental design used when random assignment

Answer 7

of participants into experimental and control groups is not feasible.

Question 8

One shot case study

Answer 8

An experiment that contains no pretest and no control group.

Question 9

One group pre/posttest

Answer 9

An experiment in which pre- and posttests are both taken but there is no control group.

Question 10

External validity The extent to which the conditions of an experiment

Answer 10

adequately represent those of the world outside the boundaries of the experiment.

Question 11

Internal validity The extent to which we can be confident that an experiment’s stimulus

Answer 11

actually produced the observed effect or whether something else caused the effect.