chapter 12

Question 1

Basic structural and functional unit of the kidney

Answer 1

nephron

Question 2

the external opening of the urethra

Answer 2

meatus

Question 3

Process of urination

Answer 3

micturition

Question 4

Tube that is inserted into a body cavity to remove fluid or to inject fluid

Answer 4

catheter

Question 5

to void

Answer 5

empty the bladder

Question 6

Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

Answer 6

pyelonephritis

Question 7

Disease of the kidney

Answer 7

Nephropathy

Question 8

Inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli

Answer 8

Glomerulonephritis

Question 9

The formation of presence of calculi (stones) in the kidney

Answer 9

Nephrolithiasis

Question 10

Sharp, severe pain in the lower back over the kidney, radiating forward into the groin

Answer 10

renal colic

Question 11

Any abnormal concretion (stone)

Answer 11

calculus

Question 12

Kidney tumor

Answer 12

nephroma

Question 13

Pathological failure of the kidney to function

Answer 13

renal failure

Question 14

Excess of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acid metabolism accumulated in the blood

Answer 14

uremia

Question 15

condition in which the body tissues contain an accumulation of fluid

Answer 15

Edema

Question 16

Condition in which urine collects in the renal pelvis because of an obstructed outflow thereby forming distention and atrophy of the kidney

Answer 16

Hydronephrosis

Question 17

inflammation of the bladder

Answer 17

cystitis

Question 18

A stone in the bladder

Answer 18

cystolith

Question 19

Hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina

Answer 19

cystocele

Question 20

Sudden need to void, urinate

Answer 20

urgency

Question 21

Condition of involuntary emission of urine; also called bedwetting

Answer 21

Enuresis

Question 22

Inability to hold or control urination or defecation

Answer 22

Incontinence

Question 23

Difficult or painful urination

Answer 23

dysuria

Question 24

Presence of serum protein in the urine

Answer 24

albuminuria

Question 25

lack of formation of urine

Answer 25

anuria

Question 26

Presence of bacteria in the urine

Answer 26

bacteriuria

Question 27

Presence of glucose in the urine

Answer 27

glycosuria

Question 28

Presence of ketones in the urine

Answer 28

ketonuria

Question 29

Excessive urination during the night

Answer 29

nocturia

Question 30

Scanty urination

Answer 30

oliguria

Question 31

Excessive urination

Answer 31

polyuria

Question 32

Pus in the urine

Answer 32

pyuria

Question 33

Condition of increased or excessive flow of urine

Answer 33

Diuresis

Question 34

Instrument used for examination of the bladder

Answer 34

cystoscope

Question 35

Procedure to separate waste material from the blood and to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance in impaired kidney function or in the absence of the kidney

Answer 35

dialysis

Question 36

Use of an artificial kidney machine to separate waste from the blood

Answer 36

hemodialysis

Question 37

Separation of waste from the blood by using a peritoneal catheter and dialysis solution

Answer 37

peritoneal dialysis

Question 38

Crushing of a kidney stone

Answer 38

lithotripsy

Question 39

Surgical incision into the renal pelvis for removal of a stone

Answer 39

pyelolithotomy

Question 40

Surgical excision of the gallbladder

Answer 40

cystectomy

Question 41

Surgical excision of a kidney

Answer 41

nephrectomy