Chapter 12 Flashcards
human resource management (HRM)
the process of hiring, developing, motivating, and evaluating employees to achieve organizational goals
human resource (HR) planning
creating a strategy for meeting future human resource needs
job analysis
a study of the tasks required to do a particular job well
job description
the tasks and responsibilities of a job
job specification
a list of the skills, knowledge, and abilities of a person must have to fill a job
contingent workers
persons who prefer temporary employment, either part-time or full-time
recruitment
the attempt to find and attract qualified applicants in the external labour market
job fair
an event, typically one day, held at a convention centre to bring together thousands of job seekers and hundreds of companies searching for employees
corporate open house
persons are invited to an open house on the premises of the corporation. qualified applicants are encouraged to complete an application before leaving
selection
the process of determining which persons in the applicant pool possess the qualifications necessary to be successful on the job
selection interview
an in-depth discussion of an applicant’s work experience, skills and abilities, education, and career interests
training and development
activities that provide learning situations in which an employee acquires additional knowledge or skills to increase job performance
orientation
training that prepares a new employee to perform on the job; includes information about job assignments, work rules, equipment, and performance expectations, as well as about company policies, salary and benefits, and parking
on-the-job training
training in which the employee learns the job by doing it with guidance from a supervisor or an experienced coworker
job rotation
reassignment of workers to several different jobs over time so that they can learn the basics of each job
apprenticeship
a form of on-the-job training that combines specific job instruction with classroom instruction
articling
working in an accredited environment to apply theoretical knowledge learned through formal education and develop professional judgement
mentoring
a form of on-the-job training in which a senior manager or other experienced employee provides job- and career-related information to a protege
programmed instruction
a form of computer-assisted off-the-job training
simulation
a scaled-down version or mock-up of equipment, process, or work environment
performance appraisal
a comparison of actual performance with expected performance to assess an employee’s contributions to the organization
fringe benefits
indirect compensation, such as pensions, health insurance, and vacation
labour union
an organization that represents workers in dealing with management over issues involving wages, hours, and working conditions
collective bargaining
the process of negotiating labour agreements that provide for compensation and working arrangements mutually acceptable to the union and to management
local union
a branch or unit of a national union that represents workers at a specific plant or in a specific geographic area
national union
a union that consists of many local unions in a particular industry, skilled trade, or geographic area and thus represents workers throughout an entire country
shop steward
an elected union official who represents union members to management when workers have issues
closed shop
a company where only union members can be hired
union shop
a company where non-union workers can be hired but must then join the union
agency shop
a company where employees are not required to join the union but must pay it a fee to cover its expenses in representing them
open shop
a company where employees do not have to join the union or pay dues or fees to the union; established under right-to-work laws
cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)
a provision in a labour contract that calls for wages to increase automatically as the cost of living rises (usually measured by the consumer price index)
grievance
a formal complaint, filed by an employee or by the union, charging that management has violated the contract
arbitration
the process of settling a labour-management dispute by having a third party- a single arbitrator or panel- make a decision, which is binding on both the union and the employer
mediation
a method of attempting to settle labor issues in which a specialist (the mediator) tries to persuade management and the union to adjust or settle their dispute
competitive advantage
a set of unique features of an organization that are perceived by customers and potential customers as significant and superior to the competition’s
outsource
the assignment of various functions, such as human resources, accounting, or legal work, to outside organizations
