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Behavioral Health Exam 3 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main 4 Extrapyramidal Syndrome Side Effects?

A
  1. Pseudoparkinsonism
  2. Akathisia
  3. Dystonia
  4. Tardive Dyskinesia
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2
Q

What are characteristics of pseudoparkinsonism?

A

slow movement, rigid muscles, drooling, shuffling gait, dysphagia, tremor, mask-like facial expression, postural instability

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3
Q

What are characteristics of akathisia?

A

restlessness, difficulty sitting or standing still, pacing/marching in place, agitation

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4
Q

What are characteristics of dystonia?

A

involves muscles of mouth head and face. Protruding/twisting tongue, difficulty swallowing/talking, twisting neck, extending trunk, oclelogyric crisis

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5
Q

What are characteristics of tardive dyskinesia?

A

involuntary mouth/lips/tongue movement, vermicular movements of the tongue, lip smacking, lateral jaw movements, puffing of cheeks, blinking/frowning, involuntary quick purposeless flailing movements of the extremities, wave like slow movements of the limbs, to and fro movement of the spine.

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6
Q

Name the 6 drugs used to treat extrapyramidial side effects.

A
  1. Cogentin
  2. Artane
  3. Symmetrel
  4. Benadryl
  5. Inderal
  6. Ativan
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7
Q

What are some of the symptoms of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?

A

exaggerated pseudoparkinsonism, fever, muscle rigidity, aloc, unstable BP, tachycardia, diaphoresis, increased WBC and CPK

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8
Q

What are symptoms of lithium toxicity?

A

apathy, lethargy, diminished concentration, ataxia, hand tremors, muscle weakness, nausea vomiting and diarrhea, slurred speech, tinnitus, blurred vision, muscle twitching, nystagmus, deep tendon hyperreflexia, visual/tactile hallucinations, seizure, coma, death

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9
Q

What are symptoms of central serotonin syndrome?

A

hyperactivity, restlessness, tachycardia, CV shock, fever, elevated BP, altered mental states, irritability, mood swings, hostility, seizures, myoclonus, incoordination, tonic rigidity, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, apnea, death

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10
Q

What are some anticholinergic symptoms?

A

dry mouth, urinary retention and hesitancy, constipation, blurred vision, photosensitivity, dry eyes, impotence

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11
Q

Symptoms of agranulocytosis?

A

sore throat, fever, malaise, mouth sores, flu like symptoms

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12
Q

What second generation antipsychotic drug produces agranulocytosis?

A

clozapine (therefore patients taking this must have weekly WBC counts for the first 6 months taking it and frequent monitoring thereafter)

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13
Q

What are symptoms of cholestatic jaundice?

A

fever, malaise, nausea, abdominal pain, jaundice (1 week later)

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14
Q

What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech (associative looseness), and bizarre behavior. positive symptoms are the presence of something not normally present

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15
Q

What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

blunted affect, poverty of thought (alogia), loss of motivation (avolition), anhedonia. negative symptoms are the absence of something that should be present

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16
Q

What are cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

inattention, easily distracted, impaired memory, poor problem-solving skills, poor decision making skills, illogical thinking, impaired judgement

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17
Q

What are affective symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

dysphoria, suicidality, hopelessness

18
Q

What is a conventional antipsychotic?

A

a first-generation antipsychotic

19
Q

What is an atypical antipsychotic?

A

a second-generation antipsychotic

20
Q

What is the only third-generation antipsychotic?

A

abilify

21
Q

What kind of symptoms do conventional (first-generation antipsychotics) treat?

A

positive symptoms

22
Q

What side effects are caused with conventional (first-generation) antipsychotics?

A

EPS’s, anticholinergic side effects, tardive dyskinesia, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, endocrine disturbances, sedation.

23
Q

What 3 receptors do conventional (first-generation) antipsychotics block?

A

acetycholine, norepinephrine, histamine

24
Q

Name the 8 conventional (first-generation) antipsychotics.

A
  1. Haldol (haloperidol)
  2. Orap (pimozide)
  3. Prolixin (fluphenazine)
  4. Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
  5. Trilafon (perphenazine)
  6. Mellaril (thioridazine)
  7. Navane (thithixene)
  8. Compazine (prochlorperazine)
25
Q

What do atypical (second-generation) antipsychotics treat?

A

both positive and negative symptoms

26
Q

What kind of antipsychotic is the first line treatment and why?

A

atypical (second-generation) antipsychotics (less side effects: minimal EPS and tardive dyskinesia)

27
Q

What 2 neurotransmitters are blocked by atypical (second-generation) antipsychotics?

A

dopamine and serotonin

28
Q

Name the 9 atypical (second-generation) antipsychotics.

A
  1. paliperidone (Invega)
  2. Iloperidone (Fanapt)
  3. lurasidone (Latuda)
  4. asenapine (Saphris)
  5. clozapine (clozaril)
  6. risperidone (Risperdal)
  7. Quetiapine (Seroquel)
  8. olanzapine (Zyprexa, Zyprexa relprevv)
  9. ziprasidone (Geodon)
29
Q

Schizophreniform Disorder

A

when your patient has symptoms of schizophrenia but has had them for less than 6 months.

30
Q

Schizoaffective Disorder

A

when an episode of major depression, mania, or mixed depression occur with symptoms of schizophrenia.

31
Q

Neologisms

A

made-up words that have meaning for the patient but a different or nonexistent meaning to others

32
Q

Word Salad

A

a jumble of words meaningless to the listener

33
Q

Clang Association

A

choosing words based on their sound rather than their meaning (rhyming)

34
Q

Waxy flexibility

A

extended maintenance of posture (nurse puts patient’s arm up and patient holds it up for a while)

35
Q

Anosognosia

A

an inability to realize they are ill (caused by the illness itself)

36
Q

What is the goal of Phase 1 (acute)?

A

patient safety and stabilization

37
Q

What is the goal of Phase 2 (stabilization)?

A

help patient understand illness and treatment, become stabilized on meds and control or cope with symptoms

38
Q

What is the goal of Phase 3 (maintenance)?

A

maintaining achievement, treatment adherence, achieving independence, quality of life

39
Q

What are some things you can teach the patient and family to use to cope with auditory hallucinations?

A

use competing auditory stimuli, promote reality testing, engage in activity, do something physical, make contact with others, and talk to yourself (tell voices to go away)

40
Q

patients with schizophrenia die how many years prematurely?

A

28 years

41
Q

polydipsia can lead to what? what should you do for your patient?

A

can lead to fatal water intoxication; I need to restrict fluid intake and evaluate for water intoxication via daily weights.

Behavioral Health Exam 3 (6 decks)

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