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Socail Studies > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

0
Q

Vault -

A

a curved ceiling made of arches

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1
Q

Gladiator -

A

In Ancient Rome, a person who fought people or animals for public entertainment

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2
Q

Anatomy -

A

The study of the body’s structure

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3
Q

Satire -

A

Verse or prose that pokes fun at human weaknesses

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4
Q

Ode -

A

A lyric poem that expresses strong emotions about life

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5
Q

Reforms -

A

Changes to bring about improvement

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6
Q

When Diocletian left offices in AD 305, what happened in the city? Was it good or bad?!

A 
Fighting broke out   It was baaaaaad
#firstletmetakeaselfie
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7
Q

Mosaics -

A

Motifs or images created by an arrangement of colored glass or stone

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8
Q

Saints -

A

People considered holy by followers of the Christian faith

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9
Q

Describe the roman family. How did it work?

A

The family was very important to the Romans. Married children often lived in the same house with their parents & other relatives. The father watched his wife. The law even allowed fathers to sell their children into slavery or have them put to death. Fathers in upper class were responsible for education of children.

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10
Q

Who was Galen?

A

A Greek doctor named Galen emphasized the importance of anatomy which is the study of body structure.

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11
Q

What did politicians do to make people like theme?

A

They offered free food and entertainment

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12
Q

List three activities that wealthy women could do that poorer woman could not.

A
  1. Own land
  2. Have slaves
  3. Could study
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13
Q

Name 2 things roman men could do that woman couldn’t.

A

Men:

  • heads of households
  • responsible for their children’s education
  • responsible for the family business
  • could work outside the home
  • could own property
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14
Q

What poem did the roman poet Virgil borrow ideas from?

A

The Odyssey

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15
Q

Did the Romans make concrete??

A

Yes

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16
Q

About When did the city of Rome fall?

A

AD 476

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17
Q

What are 3 things Rome influenced of the modern world today.

A 
Law
Government
Art
Architecture
Language 
Religion
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18
Q

As Rome conquered more territories, the number of enslaved people decreased/increased.

A

INCREASED!!

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19
Q

During the AD 200s, why did Rome decline.

A

Because of a weakened government, a failing economy. And invasions by Germanic groups.

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20
Q

What did emperor Theodosius do to th empire?

A

He split it into 2 empires.

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21
Q

People called Constantinople the “___ ROME”

A

New

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22
Q

Who was belisarius? What did he make??

A

Belisarius was a general who recognized the Byzantine empire and made it stronger by creating the Calvary.

23
Q

What was stoicism for the Greeks?

A

It was finding happiness in life.

24
Q

How is the Roman idea of stoicism different from the Greeks?

A

For Greeks stoicism meant finding happiness through reason. For Romans it meant living a practical way and to do their citizen duties and participate in government.

25
Q

List 3 activities that wealthy Roman women could do that poorer women could not.

A

Own land, hire enslaved people to do housework and study art and literature.

26
Q

How did Roman statues differ from Greek statues?

A

Greek statues showed perfect and beautiful people. Roman statues showed people realistically with wrinkles and warts.

27
Q

Differences between Roman and Greek writing.

A

Greeks honored their gods and praised generals’ successes. Roman writers wrote comedies about their gods’ mistakes; the failure of their generals

28
Q

What new ideas did Romans add to Greek architecture?

A

Built with concrete, added arches (put many together, they form vaults or curved ceilings), curved ceilings created great domes.

29
Q

What did roman engineers build that improved the lives of people throughout the empire? How?

A

Built roads and bridges. This allowed soldiers to travel quickly and traders used roads so trade grew.

30
Q

Latin was the language of the Romans. Did others use it?

A

Became official language of European government, trade and learning. Is also the basis of Spanish, Italian and French.

31
Q

To where did Constantine move the capital?

A

To Byzantium

32
Q

What was the era of Roman peace called?

A

Pax Romana.

33
Q

Roman government grew weak and army grew stronger. Civil war followed. What were 4 consequences?

A

Food shortages, high prices, decreased support for education, unpaid taxes.

34
Q

What is inflation?

A

When the value of money loses value so it costs more to buy goods. Happens when prices go up and money is worth less.

35
Q

Who became general right after the Germanic tribes began attacking the Roman Empire? How did he try to strengthen the empire? Did it work?

A

Diocletian became emperor. Tried to strengthen the empires with the following reforms: built forts on borders; split empire into 4 parts ( each had leader loyal to Diocletian); set prices for goods and wages; ordered workers to keep same jobs until death; and, made officials responsible for local taxes. He was not strong enough to enforce these reforms, so they didn’t work.

36
Q

Who was emperor after Diocletian? What two things that he do to try and strengthen the empire?

A

Constantine became emperor. He made the military stronger and tried to enforce Diocletian’s reforms. Reforms helped but not enough.

37
Q

Rome the capital was moved to what city?

A

Moved to Byzantium in the east and renamed it Constantinople ( today called Istanbul).

38
Q

Who took power after Constantine? What major change did this new emperor make?

A

Theodosius became emperor. Realized empire was too big to rule. Stated in his will that empire was to be divided into eastern and western parts. Army was also divided.

39
Q

What were the capitals of the two Roman Empires?

A

Constantinople - eastern capital.

Rome - western capital.

40
Q

Many Germanic tribes took over western Roman Empire lands. Which group was running away from Huns, asked Rome for protection, lived inside the empire’s border, where mistreated, then rebelled and captured Rome in AD 410?

A

The Visigoths.

41
Q

Who were the Vandals?

A

A Germanic tribe that invaded Western Roman Empire.

42
Q

Who was the last western Roman emperor? Who overthrew him? Was this considered the end of the western Roman Empire?

A

Romulus Augustulus and he was 14. Was overthrown by Odoacer, a Germanic General. Yes it was the end.

43
Q

Name four contributions of Roman civilization that influence our lives today.

A

1-Roman ideas about justice (innocent until proven guilty, judges deciding cases)
2-Out government is a republic where citizens elect officials just as the Romans did.
3-Doctors, lawyers and scientists use Latin phrases in their work.
4-Christianity began in the Roman Empire.

44
Q

What was the new name of the eastern Roman Empire after the western Roman Empire was finished?

A

The Byzantine Empire.

45
Q

What religion did Byzantium bring to people in Eastern Europe??

A

Christianity

46
Q

What are three advantages of Constantinople’s location?

A

1-trading ships, warships, fishing boats could use its harbors.
2-the seas around it made it easy to defend.
3-two major trade routes crossed thru it, so Asians and Europeans sold goods there.

47
Q

What is the name of the outdoor arena for sporting events in Constantinople called?

A

the Hippodrome.

48
Q

Many customs blended together in the Byzantine Empire to form a new culture. Which culture dominated all aspects of society?

A

The Greek culture. Greek became official language.

49
Q

Who ruled the Byzantine Empire when it was at its most powerful? Was this person married? To whom?

A

Emperor Justinian. Was married to Empress Theodora.

50
Q

What contributions did Empress Theodora make?

A

Helped women gain more legal rights, women could now own land, helped choose gov’t officials and advised Justinian to fight angry taxpayers who rebelled. Justinian stopped the riot and brought order to the empire.

51
Q

What was Justinian’s greatest contribution that influences us today?

A

The Justinian Code is the basis of many legal systems today. He organized laws and made them easier for people to understand and follow.

52
Q

Emperors supported the works of artists and architects. Justinian ordered the building of a church that is decorated with mosaics. It became the religious center of the empire and still stands today. What is it called?

A

The Hagia Sophia.

53
Q

What were Justinian’s military conquests?

A

Began using a calvary in the army. Conquered Italy, Spain and Northern Africa. Conquered invaders who had taken lands from western Roman Empire. Protected eastern border from Persia.

54
Q

What do u think the people thought of the Justinian Code? (Support ur answer)
{DBQ}

A

They probably were happy. This is because the laws became more simple easier to understand.

Socail Studies (5 decks)

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