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Socail Studies > Chap 11 Lessons 2-3 > Flashcards

Chap 11 Lessons 2-3 Flashcards

0
Q

Plebeians

A

Ordinary citizens

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1
Q

Patrician

A

The ruling class

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2
Q

Consul

A

Head of government, usually with a limited term in office

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3
Q

Veto

A

To reject

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4
Q

Praetors

A

Government officials who interpret the law and serve as judges

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5
Q

Tribune

A

Am elected official who protects the rights of ordinary people

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6
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Both patricians & plebeians were required to pay taxes.

A

True!!

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7
Q

Civic duty

A

The idea that citizens have a responsibility to help their country

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8
Q

Dictator

A

A person granted absolute power

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9
Q

Latifundia

A

Large farming estates

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10
Q

Triumvirate

A

Three rulers who share equal political power

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11
Q

What were the tribunes elected by?

A

The Council of Plebs

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12
Q

Who elected the dictators?

A

The senate

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13
Q

Describe the patricians.

A

The patricians were wealthy landowners who held government offices. Most people were plebeians. The patricians were powerful.

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14
Q

Did all Patrician and plebeian people have th right to vote?

A

Yes!!

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15
Q

Complete:

The Senate passed _____ and approved _____ _____.

A

laws, building projects

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16
Q

Rome’s legal system was based on the idea that everyone should be ____ _____.

A

treated equally

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17
Q

When Rome began taking over other nations, they made a new set of laws called the _____ _____ _____.

A

Law of Nations

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18
Q

What happened in 458 BC?

A

The roman army was attacked. So Cincinnatus was appointed dictaor for this short time (16 days).

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19
Q

Who was Cincinnatus? What Cincinnatus did he do?

A

Cincinnatus was a regular farmer. One day the roman army was attacked. The senators chose him to be the dictator. Dictators on,y rule in emergencies. He defeated the enemy. Then he just went back home to his farm.

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20
Q

To lead Rome, the Romans created the office of _____.

A

Dictator.

21
Q

Why was Cincinnatus admired?

A

Because he fulfilled his civic duty.

22
Q

At first, Romans didn’t write down their laws. Why were the plebeians upset about this?

A

The plebeians were upset because since the laws were not written down! the thought the patrician judges would always rule in favor of the upper class (patricians). There would be no book for an opposing team to refer to if needed.

23
Q

In 451 BC, the Romans adapted its first written code of laws called the _____ Tables.

A

Twelve

24
Q

Where were the Twelve Tables sold?

A

The Forum

25
Q

Who were the Etruscans?

A

They were a group of people who were ruled by nobles. They had a great influence on the Romans. They settled north of Rome in Etruria. They eventually took control of Rome & it’s surrounding area.

26
Q

explain what the Law of Nations was.

A

The law of nations was a system of laws that applied to people who were not roman citizens. These laws identified the laws & rights that applied to people everywhere in the roman land.

27
Q

The original conflict between the Romans and the Carthaginians is known as _____.

A

The first Punic War.

28
Q

Explain the first Punic war and who won.

A

Carthrage used its strong navy to protect it’s trading empire. Although Rome had a powerful army, it had no navy. It was forced to quickly build a fleet.
For more than 20 years, Carthrage & Rome fought. Finally in 241 BC, a roman fleet beat Carthage’s navy.

29
Q

How did the plebeians gain power in the republic? What changed were they responsible for?!

A

The plebeians gained power by going on strike. They even left tome to create a government of their own. They were given the responsibility to voice plebeian concerns. This was called the Council of the Plebs.

30
Q

What does “mare nostrum” mean?

A

It means “our sea”. This phrase came from the Romans.

31
Q

Tip: ~ means “choose the best answer that completes the sentence”

A

Any answer is fine. Haha

32
Q

~ The 3 generals who formed the First Triumvirate were….

a. Crassus, Tiberius, and Pompey
b. Crassus, Pompey, and Caesar Augustus
c. Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Ceasar

A

c. Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Ceasar

33
Q

How did the Romans try to prevent a revolt for the angry poor?

A

They began offering cheap food & free entertainment for the poor. Numerous roman rulers used this policy of “bread and circus” to acquire or stay in power.

34
Q

What did Tiberius and Gaius do? Who were they?

A

Tiberius and Gaius were 2 government officlas (and were brothers) who worked for reforms. They thought Rome’s problems were cussed by the actions of wealthy landowners. They urged the senate to take some land away from the wealthy and give to the poor.

35
Q

Julius Caesar made himself _____ for life in 44 BC.

A

dictator

36
Q

The enemies of Julius Caesar stabbed him to death in 44 BC. Who were they led by?

A

They were led by Cassius and Brutus.

37
Q

After Caesar died, civil war broke out. Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus won. What did they do about 1 year later?

A

Together, they formed the Second Triumvirate.

38
Q

Did the Second Triumvirate last very long? Why or why not?

A

It did not last very long. This is because Lepidus retired from politics. Antony fell in love with an Egyptian queen. They made an alliance. Octavian though they wanted to take over Rome. So he declared war on Antony.

39
Q

Put these in order:
A. Julius Caesars death
B. Battle of Actium
C. Civil War

A

A. Julius Caesars death
C. Civil War
B. Battle of Actium

40
Q

Who was Cicero? What did he support; the republican government or the democratic government?

A

Cicero was a writer, political leader, and speaker. He supported them republican government.

41
Q

What idea did the Twelve tables support?

A

The 12 Tables supported the idea that all free citizens - Patrician and plebeian - had the right to be treated equally in the roman legal system.

42
Q

The government of the Roman republic was dived into 3 branches. What did each one do???

A

One made laws
One ran daily affairs of government
One acted as judges

43
Q

TRUE/FALSE

In 49 BC, the Senate gave its support to Pompey.

A

TRUE

44
Q

Who wrote the Aeneid??

A

Virgil

45
Q

Republic

A

A form of government in which citizens elect their leaders

46
Q

Legions

A

Large groups of roman soldiers

47
Q

The Romans used to fight like Greeks, but instead they formed large groups called _____. They all used a spear called a _____ and a _____ called a gladius

A

legions pilum dagger

48
Q

Name 1 thing about the seven hills

A
  1. Protected city from attacks

2. Latins settle here

49
Q

The Tiber River was 15 miles from the _____ Sea.

A

Mediterranean

50
Q

What was Carthrage?!

A

Carthrage was a powerful trading empire based along the North Africa trading coast. They became very rich because of their trade.

Socail Studies (5 decks)

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