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Psychology > Chapter 11.1 > Flashcards

Chapter 11.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is considered the founder of psychosocial development

A

erik erikson

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2
Q

Name the neurotic trends espoused by Karen Horney.

A

submission, aggression, detachment

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3
Q

was a stronger motivating force in the development of personality than libido.

A

anxiety

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4
Q

Alfred Adler proposed the main shaper of personality is:

A

compensation

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5
Q

True or False: Alfred Adler believed that people possess innate negative motives and strive toward personal and social degeneration.

A

false

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6
Q

Which psychologist is the founder of Individual Psychology?

A

alfred adler

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7
Q

Jung further divided people into ___________________, who regulate their behavior by thinking, and ________________________, who base their actions on perceptions.

A

rational, irrational

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8
Q

This category of people, according to Jung, are interested in other people and the world at large, whereas This category of people are more concerned with their own private worlds.

A

extrovert, introvert

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9
Q

According to Jung, two important archetypes are the ______________, the expression of female traits in a man, and the _____________, the expression of male traits in a woman.

A

anima, animus

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10
Q

According to Jung, __________________ is that part of our personality by which we are known to other people, like a mask we put on to go out into public.

A

persona

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11
Q

According to Jung, over the millennia, the human mind has developed certain thought forms, called _______________________, which give rise to mental images of mythological representations.

A

archetypes

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12
Q

Which of the following is/are a part(s) of unconsciousness, according to Carl Jung?

A

personal and collective

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13
Q

According to Freud, the Oedipus/Electra Complex develops during which developmental stage?

A

phallic

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14
Q

What are the five stages of development, according to Sigmund Freud?

A

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

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15
Q

What are the structures identified by Freud as part of human personality?

A

id, ego, and superego

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16
Q

True or False: According to Freud, personality is made of four structures.

A

false, 3

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17
Q

Which psychologist identified sexual and aggressive instincts as the primary unconscious drives that determine human behavior.

A

Freud

18
Q

The psychologist believed that the quality of the parent-child relationship affects the development of the personality, in that it helps determine whether the child feels competent and valuable and is able to form a secure sense of identity.

A

erik erikson

19
Q

Which psychologist believed that a person’s reaction to real and imagined dangers or threats, which he/she defined as anxiety, is a stronger motivating force than the sexual drive, or libido.

A

karen horney

20
Q

Which psychologist believed that the unconscious consisted of two distinct components.

A

carl jung

21
Q

Who is given credit for being the founder of psychoanalysis?

A

freud

22
Q

Which psychologist’s work laid the groundwork for humanistic personality theory?

A

Alfred Adler

23
Q

What are the three components of personality that Carl Rogers’ theory of personality states that humans must move from Incongruence to Congruence?

A

true self, ideal self, and self-image

24
Q

Which humanist psychologist claimed that people develop their personalities in the service of positive goals?

A

carl rogers

25
Q

Which humanist psychologist claimed that people develop their personalities in the service of a hierarchy of needs?

A

maslow

26
Q

According to Carl Rogers, the biological push to become whatever it is that we are capable of becoming is called the ______________________.

A

actualizing tendency

27
Q

A ________________________ is someone whose self-concept closely matches his or her inborn capabilities, who were usually raised with unconditional positive regard.

A

fully functioning person

28
Q

children who are brought up with ___________________________ tend to deviate from their inborn capacities to construct a personality more in line with how other people see them.

A

conditional positive regard

29
Q

Trait theorists insist that each person possesses a unique constellation of fundamental _________________.

A

personality traits

30
Q

Which psychologist’s trait theory of personality emphasized the relevance of present circumstances?

A

gordon allport

31
Q

Which psychologist identified 16 basic traits using a statistical technique called factor analysis?

A

raymond catell

32
Q

Which psychologist argued that personality could be reduced to three basic dimensions?

A

hans eysenck

33
Q

According to psychologist Hans Eysenck, what are the dimensions that constitute personality?

A

emotional stability (Neuroticism), introversion-extroversion (Extraversion) , and Psychoticism

34
Q

According to Trait Theorists, what does the acronym OCEAN stand for?

A

openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism

35
Q

Which psychologist stated that we tend to overestimate the consistency of another person’s actions both because we see that person in only a limited number of situations that elicit similar behavioral responses, and because we disregard any behavior that does not fit with our preexisting image of that person?

A

walter mischel

36
Q

Which personality theorists view behavior as the product of interaction of cognitions, learning and past experiences, and the immediate environment:

A

albert bandura

37
Q

Psychologist Albert Bandura suggests that certain internal __________________ determine how a person evaluates a situation and that this evaluation has an effect on the person’s behavior

A

expectancies

38
Q

T or F: People with an internal locus of control believe they can control their own fate through their actions, whereas people with an external locus of control believe their fate rests with chance and the behavior of others.

A

true; internal - fate, external - chance and behavior

39
Q

Expectancies lead people to conduct themselves according to unique ______________________, individually determined measures of excellence by which they judge their behaviors.

A

performance standards

40
Q

True or false: Cognitive-social learning theories avoid the narrowness of trait and behavioral theories, as well as the reliance on case studies and anecdotal evidence that weakens psychodynamic and humanistic theories. However, such correlations do not provide evidence for causes of behavior.

A

true; they avoid

41
Q

Name the objective personality tests discussed in class.

A

Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (a.k.a the 16PF), NEO-PI-R, and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

42
Q

Name the projective personality tests discussed in class.

A

Rorschach test and Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Psychology (4 decks)

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