Chapter 11.1-11.2 Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

allele

A

one of a number of different forms of genes

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2
Q

cross-pollination

A

the crossing of pollen from one plant to another

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3
Q

dominant

A

a trait that over powers other traits

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4
Q

F1 generation

A

the first offspring of the P generation

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5
Q

F2 generation

A

offspring of the F1

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6
Q

fertilization

A

process in sexual reproduction in which males and females reproductive cells join to form a new cell

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7
Q

gamete

A

sex cell

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8
Q

genes

A

sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait; factor that is passed down from parent to offspring

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9
Q

genetics/heredity

A

you inherit traits from your parents

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10
Q

genotype

A

genetic makeup of the organism

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11
Q

heterozygous

A

when an organism has two different alleles for a particular genes

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12
Q

homozygous

A

when an organism has identical alleles for a particular

genes

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13
Q

hybrid

A

have a gene for a dominate trait, and a gene for a recessive trait

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14
Q

independent assortment

A

states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes

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15
Q

P generation

A

first generation (grandparent)

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16
Q

phenotype

A

physical characteristic

17
Q

principle of dominance

A

a dominate allele of a trait is present it will show up in an organism

18
Q

probability

A

the likelihood that a particular even will occur

19
Q

punnett square

A

mathematical chart that you can use to determine probability of genetic outcomes

20
Q

recessive

A

a trait that is not dominate

21
Q

segregation

A

when a new organism is being conceived

22
Q

self-pollination

A

the natural pollination within itself

23
Q

trait

A

specific characteristic of an individual

24
Q

true-breeding

A

they breed upon themselves