Chapter 11.1-11.2 Vocabulary Flashcards
allele
one of a number of different forms of genes
cross-pollination
the crossing of pollen from one plant to another
dominant
a trait that over powers other traits
F1 generation
the first offspring of the P generation
F2 generation
offspring of the F1
fertilization
process in sexual reproduction in which males and females reproductive cells join to form a new cell
gamete
sex cell
genes
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait; factor that is passed down from parent to offspring
genetics/heredity
you inherit traits from your parents
genotype
genetic makeup of the organism
heterozygous
when an organism has two different alleles for a particular genes
homozygous
when an organism has identical alleles for a particular
genes
hybrid
have a gene for a dominate trait, and a gene for a recessive trait
independent assortment
states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes
P generation
first generation (grandparent)
phenotype
physical characteristic
principle of dominance
a dominate allele of a trait is present it will show up in an organism
probability
the likelihood that a particular even will occur
punnett square
mathematical chart that you can use to determine probability of genetic outcomes
recessive
a trait that is not dominate
segregation
when a new organism is being conceived
self-pollination
the natural pollination within itself
trait
specific characteristic of an individual
true-breeding
they breed upon themselves
